Watch this video to learn about contract testing and its different approaches!
Contract testing is a type of software testing that verifies the interactions between different services or components within an application by ensuring they meet agreed-upon "contracts." A contract is a set of expectations or requirements that define how one service (the consumer) expects another service (the provider) to behave, such as response formats, request parameters, or status codes.
00:00 Introduction
00:04 Contract Testing
00:45 Approaches to Contract Testing
20:38 Closing
Definition of Contract Testing:
Contract testing ensures interactions between services meet predefined contracts, defining expectations like response formats, request parameters, and status codes.
It complements functional API testing but does not replace traditional tools like Postman, Karate, or Selenium.
Three Approaches to Contract Testing:
Consumer-Driven Contract Testing:
Consumers define expectations in a contract.
Providers verify their ability to meet these expectations.
Popular tools: Pact (a cross-platform library).
Provider-Driven Contract Testing:
Providers dictate their capabilities.
Consumers adapt based on provided specifications.
Less interactive and more unidirectional.
Bidirectional Contract Testing:
Both consumers and providers submit their expectations to a trusted third party.
The third party identifies mismatches and potential integration issues.
Use Cases and Limitations:
Not a replacement for functional testing but serves as an alternative to integration testing, offering better isolation and efficiency.
Supports robust communication between microservices while minimizing errors during integration.
Best Practices:
Employ libraries like Pact for consumer-driven contract testing.
Ensure a clear understanding of service dependencies and capabilities.
Incorporate contract testing as part of CI/CD pipelines for consistent validation.