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How to use getWrappedDriver method of org.openqa.selenium.support.events.EventFiringWebDriver class

Best Selenium code snippet using org.openqa.selenium.support.events.EventFiringWebDriver.getWrappedDriver

...28 * @author Michael Vorburger29 */30public abstract class DelegatingWebDriver implements WebDriver, WrapsDriver {31	32	// intentionally private and not protected, because all code should go through getWrappedDriver() 33	private final WebDriver delegate;34	protected DelegatingWebDriver(final WebDriver delegate) {35		// copy/pasted from EventFiringWebDriver36		Class<?>[] allInterfaces = extractInterfaces(delegate);37		this.delegate = (WebDriver) Proxy.newProxyInstance(38				WebDriverEventListener.class.getClassLoader(), allInterfaces,39				new InvocationHandler() {40					public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {41						if ("getWrappedDriver".equals(method.getName())) {42							return delegate;43						}44						try {45							return method.invoke(delegate, args);46						} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {47							onExceptionFromAdditionalInterfaceProxyInvocation(e);48							throw e.getTargetException();49						}50					}51				});52	}53	// copy/pasted from EventFiringWebDriver54	protected Class<?>[] extractInterfaces(Object object) {55		Set<Class<?>> allInterfaces = new HashSet<Class<?>>();56		allInterfaces.add(WrapsDriver.class);57		if (object instanceof WebElement) {58			allInterfaces.add(WrapsElement.class);59		}60		extractInterfaces(allInterfaces, object.getClass());61		return allInterfaces.toArray(new Class<?>[allInterfaces.size()]);62	}63	// copy/pasted from EventFiringWebDriver64	protected void extractInterfaces(Set<Class<?>> addTo, Class<?> clazz) {65		if (Object.class.equals(clazz)) {66			return; // Done67		}68		Class<?>[] classes = clazz.getInterfaces();69		addTo.addAll(Arrays.asList(classes));70		extractInterfaces(addTo, clazz.getSuperclass());71	}72	73	protected void onExceptionFromAdditionalInterfaceProxyInvocation(InvocationTargetException e) {74        // dispatcher.onException(e.getTargetException(), driver);75	}76	77	@Override public WebDriver getWrappedDriver() {78		return delegate;79	}80	public void get(String url) {81		getWrappedDriver().get(url);82	}83	public String getCurrentUrl() {84		return getWrappedDriver().getCurrentUrl();85	}86	public String getTitle() {87		return getWrappedDriver().getTitle();88	}89	public List<WebElement> findElements(By by) {90		return getWrappedDriver().findElements(by);91	}92	public WebElement findElement(By by) {93		return getWrappedDriver().findElement(by);94	}95	public String getPageSource() {96		return getWrappedDriver().getPageSource();97	}98	public void close() {99		getWrappedDriver().close();100	}101	public void quit() {102		getWrappedDriver().quit();103	}104	public Set<String> getWindowHandles() {105		return getWrappedDriver().getWindowHandles();106	}107	public String getWindowHandle() {108		return getWrappedDriver().getWindowHandle();109	}110	public TargetLocator switchTo() {111		return getWrappedDriver().switchTo();112	}113	public Navigation navigate() {114		return getWrappedDriver().navigate();115	}116	public Options manage() {117		return getWrappedDriver().manage();118	}119	120}...

Source: AngularJSDroneExtension.java

...49                //System.out.println("Removing AngularJS capabilities to WebDriver");50                EventFiringWebDriver driver = (EventFiringWebDriver) enhancedInstance;51                driver.unregister(listener);52                listener = null;53                return driver.getWrappedDriver();54            }55            return enhancedInstance;56        }57    }58    public static class AngularJSEventHandler extends AbstractWebDriverEventListener {59        @Override60        public void afterNavigateTo(String url, WebDriver driver)61        {62            waitForLoad(driver);63        }64        @Override65        public void afterNavigateBack(WebDriver driver)66        {67            waitForLoad(driver);...

Source: PrimeFacesDroneInstanceEnhancer.java

...42        if (EventFiringWebDriver.class.isInstance(enhancedInstance)) {43            EventFiringWebDriver driver = (EventFiringWebDriver) enhancedInstance;44            driver.unregister(listener);45            listener = null;46            return driver.getWrappedDriver();47        }48        return enhancedInstance;49    }50}...

Source: UserActionDelay.java

...11        driver = new EventFiringWebDriver(aDriver);12        driver.register(new UserDelaysEvents(shortestWait, maximumWait));13    }14    @Override15    public WebDriver getWrappedDriver() {16        return driver;17    }18    private class UserDelaysEvents extends AbstractWebDriverEventListener {19        private final int shortestWait;20        private final int longestWait;21        public UserDelaysEvents(final int shortestWait, final int maximumWait) {22            this.shortestWait = shortestWait;23            this.longestWait = maximumWait;24        }25        @Override26        public void beforeClickOn(final WebElement element, final WebDriver driver) {27            userWaitsForSomeTime();28            super.beforeClickOn(element, driver);29        }...

Source: ElementHighlighter.java

...11        driver.register(new ElementHighlighterListener(12                                    driver, desiredBackgroundColour));13    }14    @Override15    public WebDriver getWrappedDriver() {16        return driver;17    }18    private class ElementHighlighterListener extends AbstractWebDriverEventListener {19        HighlightElement highlighter;20        public ElementHighlighterListener(WebDriver driver,21                                          final String highlightColour) {22            highlighter = new HighlightElement(driver, highlightColour);23        }24        @Override25        public void beforeClickOn(final WebElement element, final WebDriver driver) {26            highlighter.highlight(element);27            super.beforeClickOn(element, driver);28        }29        @Override...

Source: DriverOps.java

...29                .isPresent();30    }31    public <T extends WebDriver> Capabilities getCapabilities(T driver) {32        Capabilities capabilities = null;33        if (driver instanceof EventFiringWebDriver && ((EventFiringWebDriver) driver).getWrappedDriver() instanceof HasCapabilities) {34            capabilities = ((HasCapabilities) ((EventFiringWebDriver) driver).getWrappedDriver()).getCapabilities();35        } else if (driver instanceof HasCapabilities) {36            capabilities = ((HasCapabilities) driver).getCapabilities();37        }38        return capabilities;39    }40}...

Source: PlatformUtils.java

...19  }20  public static boolean isPlatform(WebDriver driver, String actualPlatform) {21    Capabilities capabilities = null;22    if (driver instanceof EventFiringWebDriver && ((EventFiringWebDriver) driver)23        .getWrappedDriver() instanceof HasCapabilities) {24      capabilities = ((HasCapabilities) ((EventFiringWebDriver) driver).getWrappedDriver())25          .getCapabilities();26    } else if (driver instanceof HasCapabilities) {27      capabilities = ((HasCapabilities) driver).getCapabilities();28    }29    String platform = Optional.ofNullable(capabilities)30        .map(entry -> {31          if (entry.getCapability("platformBackup") != null) {32            return entry.getCapability("platformBackup");33          } else if (entry.getCapability("platformName") != null) {34            return entry.getCapability("platformName");35          }36          return entry.getCapability("platform");37        })38        .orElse("").toString();...

Source: WebDriverWrapper.java

...9        super(driver);10        this.driver = driver;11    }12    @Override13    public WebDriver getWrappedDriver() {14        return driver;15    }16    /**17     * Get remote web driver wrapper.18     */19    public RemoteWebDriver getWrappedRemoteWebDriver() {20        WebDriver wd = getWrappedDriver();21        if (wd instanceof RemoteWebDriver) {22            return (RemoteWebDriver) wd;23        } else {24            throw new IllegalStateException(wd + " is not an instance of RemoteWebDriver");25        }26    }27    /**28     * Get Appium Driver.29     */30    public AppiumDriver getWrappedAppiumDriver() {31        WebDriver wd = getWrappedDriver();32        if (wd instanceof AppiumDriver) {33            return (AppiumDriver) wd;34        } else {35            throw new IllegalStateException(wd + " is not an instance of AppiumDriver");36        }37    }38}...

getWrappedDriver

Using AI Code Generation

1import java.io.File;2import java.io.IOException;3import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;4import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;5import org.openqa.selenium.OutputType;6import org.openqa.selenium.TakesScreenshot;7import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;8import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;9import org.openqa.selenium.support.events.EventFiringWebDriver;10import org.testng.Assert;11import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;12import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;13import org.testng.annotations.Test;14public class EventFiringWebDriverTest {15    private WebDriver driver;16    private String baseUrl;17    private EventFiringWebDriver eventDriver;18    public void setUp() throws Exception {19        driver = new ChromeDriver();20        eventDriver = new EventFiringWebDriver(driver);21        eventDriver.register(new WebEventListener());22        eventDriver.manage().window().maximize();23        eventDriver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);24    }25    public void test() {26        eventDriver.get(baseUrl);27        eventDriver.findElement(By.id("tab-flight-tab-hp")).click();28        eventDriver.findElement(By.id("flight-origin-hp-flight")).sendKeys("New York");29        eventDriver.findElement(By.id("flight-destination-hp-flight")).sendKeys("Chicago");30        eventDriver.findElement(By.id("flight-departing-hp-flight")).sendKeys("12/25/2014");31        eventDriver.findElement(By.id("flight-returning-hp-flight")).sendKeys("12/31/2014");32        eventDriver.findElement(By.id("search-button-hp-flight")).click();33        Assert.assertTrue(eventDriver.findElement(By.className("title-city-text")).isDisplayed());34    }35    public void tearDown() throws Exception {36        Thread.sleep(2000);37        eventDriver.quit();38    }39    public void takeScreenshotAtEndOfTest() throws IOException {40        File srcFile = ((TakesScreenshot) eventDriver.getWrappedDriver()).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);41        String currentDir = System.getProperty("user.dir");42        FileUtils.copyFile(srcFile, new File(currentDir + "/screenshots/" + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".png"));43    }44}45In the above code, we have created a test case which will search for flights from New York to Chicago. We have used the getWrappedDriver() method of EventFiringWebDriver class to get the driver instance. We have also used the WebDriverEventListener interface to capture the

getWrappedDriver

Using AI Code Generation

1import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;2import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;3import org.openqa.selenium.support.events.EventFiringWebDriver;4public class EventFiringWebDriverExample {5    public static void main(String[] args) {6        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();7        EventFiringWebDriver eventFiringWebDriver = new EventFiringWebDriver(driver);8        WebDriver wrappedDriver = eventFiringWebDriver.getWrappedDriver();9        System.out.println(wrappedDriver);10    }11}

getWrappedDriver

Using AI Code Generation

1public void getWrappedDriver() {2    EventFiringWebDriver eventDriver = new EventFiringWebDriver(driver);3    WebDriver wrappedDriver = eventDriver.getWrappedDriver();4    System.out.println("The wrapped driver instance is: " + wrappedDriver);5}6public void getWrappedElement() {7    EventFiringWebDriver eventDriver = new EventFiringWebDriver(driver);8    WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id("elementID"));9    WebElement wrappedElement = eventDriver.getWrappedElement(element);10    System.out.println("The wrapped element instance is: " + wrappedElement);11}12public void getWrappedDriverFromElement() {13    EventFiringWebDriver eventDriver = new EventFiringWebDriver(driver);14    WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id("elementID"));15    EventFiringWebElement eventElement = new EventFiringWebElement(element, eventDriver);16    WebDriver wrappedDriver = eventElement.getWrappedDriver();17    System.out.println("The wrapped driver instance is: " + wrappedDriver);18}19public void getWrappedElementFromElement() {20    EventFiringWebDriver eventDriver = new EventFiringWebDriver(driver);21    WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id("elementID"));22    EventFiringWebElement eventElement = new EventFiringWebElement(element, eventDriver);23    WebElement wrappedElement = eventElement.getWrappedElement();24    System.out.println("The wrapped element instance is: " + wrappedElement);25}26void beforeAlertAccept(WebDriver driver)27void afterAlertAccept(WebDriver driver)28void afterAlertDismiss(WebDriver driver)29void beforeAlertDismiss(WebDriver driver

getWrappedDriver

Using AI Code Generation

1import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;2import org.openqa.selenium.support.events.EventFiringWebDriver;3public class EventFiringWebDriverTest {4	public static void main(String[] args) {5		WebDriver driver = new EventFiringWebDriver(new ChromeDriver());6		String windowHandle = ((EventFiringWebDriver) driver).getWrappedDriver().getWindowHandle();7		((EventFiringWebDriver) driver).getWrappedDriver().switchTo().window(windowHandle);8		((EventFiringWebDriver) driver).getWrappedDriver().manage().window().maximize();9	}10}11import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;12import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;13import org.openqa.selenium.support.events.EventFiringWebDriver;14public class EventFiringWebDriverTest {15	public static void main(String[] args) {16		WebDriver driver = new EventFiringWebDriver(new ChromeDriver());17		String windowHandle = ((EventFiringWebDriver) driver).getWrappedDriver().getWindowHandle();18		((EventFiringWebDriver) driver).getWrappedDriver().switchTo().window(windowHandle);19		((EventFiringWebDriver) driver).getWrappedDriver().manage().window().maximize();20	}21}

getWrappedDriver

Using AI Code Generation

1getWrappedDriver().findElement(By.name("q")).sendKeys("Selenium");2getWrappedDriver().findElement(By.name("btnK")).click();3Thread.sleep(5000);4getWrappedDriver().quit();5Thread.sleep(5000);6getWrappedDriver().quit();7Thread.sleep(5000);8getWrappedDriver().quit();9Thread.sleep(5000);10getWrappedDriver().quit();11Thread.sleep(5000);12getWrappedDriver().quit();13Thread.sleep(5000);14getWrappedDriver().quit();

getWrappedDriver

Using AI Code Generation

1public class SessionDetails {2    public static void main(String[] args) {3        WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();4        EventFiringWebDriver eventDriver = new EventFiringWebDriver(driver);5        RemoteWebDriver remoteDriver = (RemoteWebDriver) eventDriver.getWrappedDriver();6        String sessionId = remoteDriver.getSessionId().toString();7        System.out.println("Session Id: " + sessionId);8    }9}

StackOverFlow community discussions

Questions

Discussion

Selenium Webdriver remote setup

org.openqa.selenium.SessionNotCreatedException: session not created exception from tab crashed error when executing from Jenkins CI server

How to get screenshot of full webpage using Selenium and Java?

Equivalent of waitForVisible/waitForElementPresent in Selenium WebDriver tests using Java?

Can Selenium take a screenshot on test failure with JUnit?

How to switch to the new browser window, which opens after click on the button?

Cannot find firefox binary in PATH. Make sure firefox is installed

Wait for page load in Selenium

Selecting Nth-of-type in selenium

Selenium webdriver - Tab control

well. That's not a problem. I'd like to share how i resolved this issue. I got VM (virtual machine) with jdk installed and selenium server running on VM. VM has IP: 192.168.4.52 I connected to it through(RDC-remote desktop connection). Installed needed browser on it(firefox 15). Open browser. Disabled all the updates and other pop ups.

I've got selenium tests pack on my local machine. And I run them on my VM. Selenium setup is following:

import com.google.common.base.Function;
import com.thoughtworks.selenium.SeleneseTestBase;
import junit.framework.Assert;
import org.junit.AfterClass;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.openqa.selenium.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.FluentWait;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Wait;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer;
import org.springframework.core.io.support.PropertiesLoaderUtils;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;


public class BaseSeleniumTest extends SeleneseTestBase {
    static WebDriver driver;


    @Value("login.base.url")
    private String loginBaseUrl;

    @BeforeClass
    public static void firefoxSetUp() throws MalformedURLException {

//        DesiredCapabilities capability = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();
        DesiredCapabilities capability = DesiredCapabilities.internetExplorer();

        driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL("http://192.168.4.52:4444/wd/hub"), capability);


//        driver = new FirefoxDriver();  //for local check

        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        driver.manage().window().setSize(new Dimension(1920, 1080));
    }
    @Before
    public void openFiretox() throws IOException {



        driver.get(propertyKeysLoader("login.base.url"));


    }


    @AfterClass
    public static void closeFirefox(){
        driver.quit();
    }

.....

this piece of code will run all the selenium tests on remote machine. in the string driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL("http://192.168.4.52:4444/wd/hub"), capability); you simply should mention IP of your machine and this should work.

Hope this helps you.

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12836114/selenium-webdriver-remote-setup

This error message...

org.openqa.selenium.SessionNotCreatedException: session not created exception from tab crashed (Session info: chrome=65.0.3325.181) (Driver info: chromedriver=2.37.544315 (730aa6a5fdba159ac9f4c1e8cbc59bf1b5ce12b7),platform=Windows NT 6.1.7601 SP1 x86_64) (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information) Command duration or timeout: 2.50 seconds Build info: version: '3.11.0', revision: 'e59cfb3', time: '2018-03-11T20:26:55.152Z' System info: host: 'USNBDFV9K12', ip: '10.23.4.80', os.name: 'Windows 7', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '6.1', java.version: '1.8.0_131' Driver info: driver.version: ChromeDriver

The error stack trace clearly shows your ChromeDriver binary details are not getting detected back as in :

Driver info: driver.version: ChromeDriver

Though your chromedriver=2.37.544315 and Chrome: 65.0.3325.181 are compatible your main issue is java.version: '1.8.0_131' which is ancient.

Solution

Upgrade JDK to recent levels JDK 8u162
Clean your Project Workspace through your IDE and Rebuild your project with required dependencies only.
Use CCleaner tool to wipe off all the OS chores before and after the execution of your test Suite.
If your base Web Client version is too old, then uninstall it through Revo Uninstaller and install a recent GA and released version of Web Client.
Take a system Reboot.
Execute your @Test.

from tab crashed

from tab crashed was WIP(Work In Progress) with the Chromium Team for quite some time now which relates to Linux attempting to always use /dev/shm for non-executable memory. Here are the references :

Linux: Chrome/Chromium SIGBUS/Aw, Snap! on small /dev/shm
Chrome crashes/fails to load when /dev/shm is too small, and location can't be overridden
As per Comment61#Issue 736452 the fix seems to be have landed with Chrome v65.0.3299.6

Hence you may need to bump up to Chrome v65.0.3299.6 or later.

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/49518157/org-openqa-selenium-sessionnotcreatedexception-session-not-created-exception-fr

LE: I see quite a lot of people are interested in the full-page screenshot, so I thought I might update the answer with some positives (silver bullets).

There are quite a handful of web testing frameworks that can (with minimal setup & effort) produce a full-page screenshot. I come from a NodeJS testing environment, so I can only vouch the following: WebdriverIO & Google's Puppeteer.

If anyone is interested in an easy way to do it with WebdriverIO, check this answer.

Short answer is NO, YOU CANNOT, if you're only using Selenium (detailed reason bellow). But, what you can do is make the most out of your device's(monitor) viewport.

So, start your browser instance (driver) using ChromeOptions(), which is the method for setting ChromeDriver-specific capabilities. We can do the following:

maximize the window (using the --start-maximized switch);
go full-screen (F11-key on Windows, Control+Cmd+F on Mac, using the --start-fullscreen switch).
Note: complete list of Chrome command-line-switches can be found here.

Your code should look like this:

// Setting your Chrome options (Desired capabilities)
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.add_argument('--start-maximized');
options.add_argument('--start-fullscreen');

// Creating a driver instance with the previous capabilities
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(options);

// Load page & take screenshot of full-screen page
driver.get("http://google.com");
File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);

Now regarding the full page problem, all drivers (chromedriver, geckodriver, IEDriver, EdgeDriver, etc.) are implementing the WebDriver W3C standard. Thus, they are dependent on the way the WebDriver team wants to expose the functionality of different features, in our case, 'Take Screenshot'.

If you read the definition, it clearly states the following:

The Take Screenshot command takes a screenshot of the top-level browsing context’s VIEWPORT.

Legacy-wise, some drivers were able to produce a full-page screenshot (read more about it here), like the old FirefoxDriver, IEDriver, etc. That is no longer the case as they now all implement (to the letter) the WebDriver W3C standard.

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44085722/how-to-get-screenshot-of-full-webpage-using-selenium-and-java

Implicit and Explicit Waits

Implicit Wait

An implicit wait is to tell WebDriver to poll the DOM for a certain amount of time when trying to find an element or elements if they are not immediately available. The default setting is 0. Once set, the implicit wait is set for the life of the WebDriver object instance.

driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

Explicit Wait + Expected Conditions

An explicit waits is code you define to wait for a certain condition to occur before proceeding further in the code. The worst case of this is Thread.sleep(), which sets the condition to an exact time period to wait. There are some convenience methods provided that help you write code that will wait only as long as required. WebDriverWait in combination with ExpectedCondition is one way this can be accomplished.

WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);
WebElement element = wait.until(
        ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id("someid")));

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10941184/equivalent-of-waitforvisible-waitforelementpresent-in-selenium-webdriver-tests-u

A few quick searches led me to this:

http://blogs.steeplesoft.com/posts/2012/grabbing-screenshots-of-failed-selenium-tests.html

Basically, he recommends creating a JUnit4 Rule that wraps the test Statement in a try/catch block in which he calls:

imageFileOutputStream.write(
    ((TakesScreenshot) driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.BYTES));

Does that work for your problem?

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12429793/can-selenium-take-a-screenshot-on-test-failure-with-junit

You can switch between windows as below:

// Store the current window handle
String winHandleBefore = driver.getWindowHandle();

// Perform the click operation that opens new window

// Switch to new window opened
for(String winHandle : driver.getWindowHandles()){
    driver.switchTo().window(winHandle);
}

// Perform the actions on new window

// Close the new window, if that window no more required
driver.close();

// Switch back to original browser (first window)
driver.switchTo().window(winHandleBefore);

// Continue with original browser (first window)

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9588827/how-to-switch-to-the-new-browser-window-which-opens-after-click-on-the-button

File pathToBinary = new File("C:\\user\\Programme\\FirefoxPortable\\App\\Firefox\\firefox.exe");
FirefoxBinary ffBinary = new FirefoxBinary(pathToBinary);
FirefoxProfile firefoxProfile = new FirefoxProfile();       
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(ffBinary,firefoxProfile);

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20950748/cannot-find-firefox-binary-in-path-make-sure-firefox-is-installed

You can also check pageloaded using following code

IWait<IWebDriver> wait = new OpenQA.Selenium.Support.UI.WebDriverWait(driver, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30.00));

 wait.Until(driver1 => ((IJavaScriptExecutor)driver).ExecuteScript("return document.readyState").Equals("complete"));

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5868439/wait-for-page-load-in-selenium

I'm not enirely sure which one you want to select, but you should play around more with the :nth-* pseudo-classes. Here is a CSS selector that selects all 3 c3's using nth-child()

div.c1 div.c3:nth-child(1)

Like i said, you haven't really specified which one you want to select.

but my lack of understanding on nth-of-type is driving me crazy. Can anyone offer insight to why the second 2 don't work or correct my basic lack of comprehension on this selector?

One thing to keep in mind, is all of the :nth-*() pseudo-classes are dependent on their parents. Let me translate your selector:

.c1:nth-of-type(2)

Find anything with a class of c1 that is a second child.

In your case, <body> was most likely the parent, so...

<body>
  <div .c1 />
  <div .c1 /> // it highlights this one, because it's the 2nd child of the type ".c1"
  <div .c1 />
</body>

Now let me explain why your other selectors are not working.

Both .c2:nth-of-type(2) and .c3:nth-of-type(2) are looking at the parent's as well. since you are specifying a parent, it's expecting <body> as the parent. In your case, <body> isn't the parent.. the <div .c1 /> is. In reality, that selector is looking for the DOM -

<body>
  <div .c1 />
  <div .c2 /> // this **would** be the second nth-of-type, but it's not really this way. 
  <div .c1 />
</body>

Play around with the different css selectors and pseudo-classes at http://cssdesk.com it's very helpful to actively experiment on your own. you'll figure it out.

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19909458/selecting-nth-of-type-in-selenium

What about this ?

WebElement emailElement = driver.findElement(By.id("email"));
emailElement.sendKeys("ABCDEFG@g.com");

WebElement usernameElement = driver.findElement(By.id("username"));
usernameElement.click(); // Here, autocomplete is done

String userName = usernameElement.getText(); // get the value
assertEquals("ABCDEFG@g.com", userName);

If you want to send the TAB key with selenium, you can do that :

emailElement.sendKeys(Keys.TAB);

All special keys are available here

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9767589/selenium-webdriver-tab-control

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How many times have you come across products that have good UI but really bad functionality such as severe lagging experience and ample number of bugs or vice-versa. There could be multiple reasons for the product to go live, but it definitely gives an indication that thorough testing was not performed. There could be scenarios where a minor software update which was not tested for all the ‘corner scenarios’ could break the existing functionalities in a software product.

Why You Should Use Puppeteer For Testing

Over the past decade the world has seen emergence of powerful Javascripts based webapps, while new frameworks evolved. These frameworks challenged issues that had long been associated with crippling the website performance. Interactive UI elements, seamless speed, and impressive styling components, have started co-existing within a website and that also without compromising the speed heavily. CSS and HTML is now injected into JS instead of vice versa because JS is simply more efficient. While the use of these JavaScript frameworks have boosted the performance, it has taken a toll on the testers.

Testing A Single Page Angular JS Applications

With the introduction of Angular JS, Google brought a paradigm shift in the world of web development. Gone were the days when static web pages consumed a lot of resources and resulted in a website that is slower to load and with each click on a button, resulting in a tiring page reload sequence. Dynamic single page websites or one page website became the new trend where with each user action, only the content of the page changed, sparing the user from experiencing a website full of slower page loads.

Selenium 4 Tutorial:

LambdaTest’s Selenium 4 tutorial is covering every aspects of Selenium 4 testing with examples and best practices. Here you will learn basics, such as how to upgrade from Selenium 3 to Selenium 4, to some advanced concepts, such as Relative locators and Selenium Grid 4 for Distributed testing. Also will learn new features of Selenium 4, such as capturing screenshots of specific elements, opening a new tab or window on the browser, and new protocol adoptions.

Chapters:

Upgrading From Selenium 3 To Selenium 4?: In this chapter, learn in detail how to update Selenium 3 to Selenium 4 for Java binding. Also, learn how to upgrade while using different build tools such as Maven or Gradle and get comprehensive guidance for upgrading Selenium.
What’s New In Selenium 4 & What’s Being Deprecated? : Get all information about new implementations in Selenium 4, such as W3S protocol adaption, Optimized Selenium Grid, and Enhanced Selenium IDE. Also, learn what is deprecated for Selenium 4, such as DesiredCapabilites and FindsBy methods, etc.
Selenium 4 With Python: Selenium supports all major languages, such as Python, C#, Ruby, and JavaScript. In this chapter, learn how to install Selenium 4 for Python and the features of Python in Selenium 4, such as Relative locators, Browser manipulation, and Chrom DevTool protocol.
Selenium 4 Is Now W3C Compliant: JSON Wireframe protocol is retiring from Selenium 4, and they are adopting W3C protocol to learn in detail about the advantages and impact of these changes.
How To Use Selenium 4 Relative Locator? : Selenium 4 came with new features such as Relative Locators that allow constructing locators with reference and easily located constructors nearby. Get to know its different use cases with examples.
Selenium Grid 4 Tutorial For Distributed Testing: Selenium Grid 4 allows you to perform tests over different browsers, OS, and device combinations. It also enables parallel execution browser testing, reads up on various features of Selenium Grid 4 and how to download it, and runs a test on Selenium Grid 4 with best practices.
Selenium Video Tutorials: Binge on video tutorials on Selenium by industry experts to get step-by-step direction from automating basic to complex test scenarios with Selenium.