How to use sendKeys method of org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteKeyboard class

I may not be able to talk about any standard pattern, but here are a few things that I consider:

1. Make good use of Test Execution frameworks. I use TestNG.
2. I create a base file which makes use of most of the TestNG annotations for Setting and Tearing up.
3. Separate your Re-usable functions and call it wherever needed. I generally add these in the base class.
4. I personally prefer keeping locators too in the base file if they are too complicated. This would help you to change the locator from one place and get reflected for all. In this case, do follow a good naming convention.
5. Use collections wherever possible.
6. You can use something like ReportNG for more user friendly reports.
7. Make more use of implicit waits and avoid using JavascriptExecutors.
8. Copy the Drivers and libraries within the project folders for better mobility and less external dependencies.
9. Adding selenium WD javadoc to your project will be of some help.
10. We also make sure we have a screenshot for failed test case by over-riding the onTestFailure method.
11. Rest all are simple coding basics for cleaner and easy to understand code that I believe you'll be following anyway.

Hope this was of some help. Will add more points if I'm able to recall. Also, please let me know if you need more details for any of these things.

WebElement select = driver.findElement(By.name("myselect"));
Select dropDown = new Select(select);           
String selected = dropDown.getFirstSelectedOption().getText();
if(selected.equals(valueToSelect)){
    //already selected; 
    //do stuff
}
List<WebElement> Options = dropDown.getOptions();
for(WebElement option:Options){
    if(option.getText().equals(valueToSelect)) {
      option.click(); //select option here;       
    }               
}

If this is slower, then consider something like

dropDown.selectByValue(value);
or

dropDown.selectByVisibleText(text);

If you are trying to get 'Clear Data' element then you can use the below js to get the element and then perform.

return document.querySelector('settings-ui').shadowRoot.querySelector('settings-main').shadowRoot.querySelector('settings-basic-page').shadowRoot.querySelector('settings-section > settings-privacy-page').shadowRoot.querySelector('settings-clear-browsing-data-dialog').shadowRoot.querySelector('#clearBrowsingDataDialog').querySelector('#clearBrowsingDataConfirm')

Here is the sample script.

driver.get("chrome://settings/clearBrowserData");
driver.manage().window().maximize();
JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver; 
WebElement clearData = (WebElement) js.executeScript("return document.querySelector('settings-ui').shadowRoot.querySelector('settings-main').shadowRoot.querySelector('settings-basic-page').shadowRoot.querySelector('settings-section > settings-privacy-page').shadowRoot.querySelector('settings-clear-browsing-data-dialog').shadowRoot.querySelector('#clearBrowsingDataDialog').querySelector('#clearBrowsingDataConfirm')");
// now you can click on clear data button
clearData.click();

Edit 2: Explanation

Problem: Selenium does not provide explicit support to work with Shadow DOM elements, as they are not in the current dom. That's the reason why we will get NoSuchElementException exception when try to access the elements in the shadow dom.

Shadow DOM:

Note: We will be referring to the terms shown in the picture. So please go through the picture for better understanding.

Solution:

In order to work with shadow element first we have to find the shadow host to which the shadow dom is attached. Here is the simple method to get the shadow root based on the shadowHost.

private static WebElement getShadowRoot(WebDriver driver,WebElement shadowHost) {
    JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
    return (WebElement) js.executeScript("return arguments[0].shadowRoot", shadowHost);
}

And then you can access the shadow tree element using the shadowRoot Element.

// get the shadowHost in the original dom using findElement
WebElement shadowHost = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("shadowHost_CSS"));
// get the shadow root
WebElement shadowRoot = getShadowRoot(driver,shadowHost);
// access shadow tree element
WebElement shadowTreeElement = shadowRoot.findElement(By.cssSelector("shadow_tree_element_css"));

In order to simplify all the above steps created the below method.

public static WebElement getShadowElement(WebDriver driver,WebElement shadowHost, String cssOfShadowElement) {
    WebElement shardowRoot = getShadowRoot(driver, shadowHost);
    return shardowRoot.findElement(By.cssSelector(cssOfShadowElement));
}

Now you can get the shadowTree Element with single method call

WebElement shadowHost = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("shadowHost_CSS_Goes_here));
WebElement shadowTreeElement = getShadowElement(driver,shadowHost,"shadow_tree_element_css");

And perform the operations as usual like .click(), .getText().

shadowTreeElement.click()

This Looks simple when you have only one level of shadow DOM. But here, in this case we have multiple levels of shadow doms. So we have to access the element by reaching each shadow host and root.

Below is the snippet using the methods that mentioned above (getShadowElement and getShadowRoot)

// Locate shadowHost on the current dom
WebElement shadowHostL1 = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("settings-ui"));

// now locate the shadowElement by traversing all shadow levels
WebElement shadowElementL1 = getShadowElement(driver, shadowHostL1, "settings-main");
WebElement shadowElementL2 = getShadowElement(driver, shadowElementL1,"settings-basic-page");
WebElement shadowElementL3 = getShadowElement(driver, shadowElementL2,"settings-section > settings-privacy-page");
WebElement shadowElementL4 = getShadowElement(driver, shadowElementL3,"settings-clear-browsing-data-dialog");
WebElement shadowElementL5 = getShadowElement(driver, shadowElementL4,"#clearBrowsingDataDialog");
WebElement clearData = shadowElementL5.findElement(By.cssSelector("#clearBrowsingDataConfirm"));
System.out.println(clearData.getText());
clearData.click();

You can achieve all the above steps in single js call as at mentioned at the beginning of the answer (added below just to reduce the confusion).

WebElement clearData = (WebElement) js.executeScript("return document.querySelector('settings-ui').shadowRoot.querySelector('settings-main').shadowRoot.querySelector('settings-basic-page').shadowRoot.querySelector('settings-section > settings-privacy-page').shadowRoot.querySelector('settings-clear-browsing-data-dialog').shadowRoot.querySelector('#clearBrowsingDataDialog').querySelector('#clearBrowsingDataConfirm')");

Screenshot:

Try element.getAttribute("value")

The text property is for text within the tags of an element. For input elements, the displayed text is not wrapped by the <input> tag, instead it's inside the value attribute.

Note: Case matters. If you specify "Value", you'll get a 'null' value back. This is true for C# at least.

Follow the steps below:

Step# 1:

Create a custom annotation in a separate file (ie: SetTestName.java)

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface SetTestName {
    int idx() default 0;
}

Step# 2:

Create a base class implementing ITest interface of TestNG (TestNameSetter.java).

public class TestNameSetter implements ITest{
    private String newTestName = "";

    private void setTestName(String newTestName){
        this.newTestName = newTestName;
    }

    public String getTestName() {

        return newTestName;
    }


    @BeforeMethod(alwaysRun=true)
    public void getTheNameFromParemeters(Method method, Object [] parameters){
        SetTestName setTestName = method.getAnnotation(SetTestName.class);
        String testCaseName = (String) parameters[setTestName.idx()];
        setTestName(testCaseName);
    }
}

Step# 3:

Use your DataProvider like in the code snippet:

@DataProvider(name="userData")
 public Object[][] sampleDataProvider()
 {
  Object[][] data = {
    {"loginTestUS_Username","loginTestUSPass"}, 
    {"loginTestIN_Username","loginTestINPass"},
    {"loginTestJP_UserName","loginTestJPPass"}
  };

  return data;
 }



 @SetTestName(idx=0)
 @Test(dataProvider="userData")
 public void test1(String userName, String pass)
 {
     System.out.println("Testcase 1");
 }

 @SetTestName(idx=1)
 @Test(dataProvider="userData")
 public void test2(String userName, String pass)
 {
     System.out.println("Testcase 2");
 } 

That's all. Now, you will see your test name changed accordingly in the console.

Follow the link below for your query. I hope, you might get your desired answer here:

http://biggerwrench.blogspot.com/2014/02/testng-dynamically-naming-tests-from.html

Using Geb at our workplace has been a life-saver. I can't imagine this many people (with absolutely no programming background) picking up Selenium in as short a time span.

I've been very successful creating mavenized geb projects that we have running on Jenkins for our CI. It does have a few limitations like not having the drag and drop ability right out of the box. However, you are always free to use the Selenium APIs whenever the need arises. Also, to the commenter about it lacking the support for phantomJS - says who? You can use absolutely any driver that selenium supports. Check this link for details.

You need to call ignoring with an exception to ignore while the WebDriver will wait.

FluentWait<WebDriver> fluentWait = new FluentWait<>(driver)
        .withTimeout(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
        .pollingEvery(200, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
        .ignoring(NoSuchElementException.class);

See the documentation of FluentWait for more information. But beware that this condition is already implemented in ExpectedConditions, so you should use:

WebElement element = (new WebDriverWait(driver, 10))
   .until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id("someid")));

*Fewer versions of Selenium:

withTimeout(long, TimeUnit) has become withTimeout(Duration)
pollingEvery(long, TimeUnit) has become pollingEvery(Duration)

So the code will look as such:

FluentWait<WebDriver> fluentWait = new FluentWait<>(driver)
        .withTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(30)
        .pollingEvery(Duration.ofMillis(200)
        .ignoring(NoSuchElementException.class);

A basic tutorial for waiting can be found here.

this below code works for me in Selenium 3 and chrome version 58.

    WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
    driver.get("http://yahoo.com");  
    ((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript("window.open()");
    ArrayList<String> tabs = new ArrayList<String>(driver.getWindowHandles());
    driver.switchTo().window(tabs.get(1));
    driver.get("http://google.com");

How about

String[][] o = sourceSheet.stream()
    .map(l -> l.stream().toArray(String[]::new))
    .toArray(String[][]::new);

For each nested list in sourceSheet a new array will be created, copied and added to o