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How to use getAttribute method of org.openqa.selenium.Interface WebElement class

Best Selenium code snippet using org.openqa.selenium.Interface WebElement.getAttribute

...87  {88    return by.findElements(this);89  }90  @Override91  public String getAttribute(String attr)92  {93    String value = null;94    if ("index".equals(attr))95    {96      IHTMLOptionElement option = watijElem.queryInterface(IHTMLOptionElement.class);97      value = Integer.toString(option.index());98    }99    else if ("text".equals(attr))100    {101      value = watijElem.innerText();102    }103    else if ("value".equals(attr))104    {105      if ("OPTION".equalsIgnoreCase(watijElem.tagName()))106      {107        value = watijElem.queryInterface(IHTMLOptionElement.class).value();108      }109      else if ("INPUT".equalsIgnoreCase(watijElem.tagName()))110      {111        watijElem.queryInterface(IHTMLInputElement.class).value();112      }113    }114    else115    {116      value = watijElem.getAttribute(attr, RETURN_AS_BSTR).toString();117    }118    return value;119  }120  @Override121  public String getCssValue(String cssAttr)122  {123    return watijElem.style().getAttribute(cssAttr, RETURN_AS_BSTR).toString();124  }125  @Override126  public Point getLocation()127  {128    IHTMLElement2 elem2 = watijElem.queryInterface(IHTMLElement2.class);129    IHTMLRect bounds = elem2.getBoundingClientRect();130    return new Point(bounds.left(), bounds.top());131  }132  @Override133  public Dimension getSize()134  {135    IHTMLElement2 elem2 = watijElem.queryInterface(IHTMLElement2.class);136    IHTMLRect bounds = elem2.getBoundingClientRect();137    return new Dimension(bounds.right() - bounds.left(), bounds.bottom() - bounds.top());...

Source: ListboxImpl.java

...88			} catch (NoSuchElementException e) {89				String optionList = "";90				List<WebElement> optionsList = innerSelect.getOptions();91				for (WebElement option : optionsList) {92					optionList += option.getAttribute("value") + " | ";93				}94				TestReporter95						.interfaceLog(" The value of <b>[ " + value + "</b> ] was not found in Listbox [  <b>"96								+ getElementLocatorInfo() + " </b>]. Acceptable values are " + optionList + " ]");97				TestReporter.logTrace("Exiting ListboxImpl#selectValue");98				throw new OptionNotInListboxException("The value of [ " + value + " ] was not found in Listbox [  "99						+ getElementLocatorInfo() + " ]. Acceptable values are " + optionList, getWrappedDriver());100			}101		} else {102			TestReporter.interfaceLog("Skipping input to Textbox [ <b>" + getElementLocatorInfo() + " </b> ]");103		}104		TestReporter.logTrace("Exiting ListboxImpl#selectValue");105	}106	/**...

Source: WebElementsTest.java

...48		assertTrue(txtNome.isEnabled());49		50		txtNome.sendKeys("AntÃ´nio");51		52		assertEquals("AntÃ´nio",	txtNome.getAttribute("value"));53		54	}55	56	@Test57	@Category(NegativeInterface.class)58	public void testValidaEnable() {59		WebElement txtNome = driver.findElement(By.name("txtbox1"));60		WebElement txtDisable = driver.findElement(By.name("txtbox2"));61		62		assertTrue(txtNome.isEnabled());63		assertFalse(txtDisable.isEnabled());64	}65	66	@Test67	@Category(NegativeInterface.class)68	public void testValidaRadioButton() {69		70		List<WebElement> listRadios = driver.findElements(By.name("radioGroup1"));71		72		for(WebElement radio: listRadios) {73			if (radio.getAttribute("value").equals("Radio Button 3 selecionado")){74				radio.click();75			}76		}77		78		assertFalse(listRadios.get(1).isSelected());79		assertTrue(listRadios.get(2).isSelected());80	}81	82	@Test83	@Category(NegativeInterface.class)84	public void testValidaCheckBox() throws InterruptedException {85		List<WebElement> listCheckBox = driver.findElements(By.name("chkbox"));86		87		for (WebElement check: listCheckBox) {88			if ((check.getAttribute("value").equals("Check Box 2 selecionado")) ||89					(check.getAttribute("value").equals("Check Box 3 selecionado"))){90				check.click();91			}92		}93		94		assertTrue(listCheckBox.get(1).isSelected());95		assertTrue(listCheckBox.get(2).isSelected());96		assertFalse(listCheckBox.get(3).isSelected());97	}98	99	@Test100	@Category(PositiveInterface.class)101	public void testDropDownSingle() throws InterruptedException {102		WebElement dropDownSingle = driver.findElement(By.name("dropdownlist"));103		104		Select selectSingle = new Select(dropDownSingle);105		106		selectSingle.selectByVisibleText("Item 1");107		selectSingle.selectByVisibleText("Item 2");108		selectSingle.selectByVisibleText("Item 7");109		110		assertEquals("Item 7", selectSingle.getFirstSelectedOption().getText());111	}112	113	@Test114	@Category(PositiveInterface.class)115	public void testDropDownMulti() {116		WebElement dropDownMulti = driver.findElement(By.name("multiselectdropdown"));117		118		Select selectMulti = new Select(dropDownMulti);119		120		selectMulti.selectByIndex(4);		121		selectMulti.selectByVisibleText("Item 9");122		selectMulti.selectByIndex(7);123		124		List<WebElement> allSelected = selectMulti.getAllSelectedOptions();125		126		assertEquals(3, allSelected.size());127		128		assertEquals("Item 5", allSelected.get(0).getText());129		assertEquals("Item 8", allSelected.get(1).getText());130		assertEquals("Item 9", allSelected.get(2).getText());131		132		selectMulti.deselectByIndex(7);133		134		allSelected = selectMulti.getAllSelectedOptions();135		136		assertEquals(2, allSelected.size());137		assertEquals("Item 5", allSelected.get(0).getText());138		assertEquals("Item 9", allSelected.get(1).getText());		139	}140	141	@Ignore("Bug dectado e cadastrado no Jira BUG-123456")142	@Test143	@Category(PositiveInterface.class)144	public void testiFrames() throws InterruptedException {145		146		driver.switchTo().frame("iframe_b");147		148		WebElement btnAceitarCookies = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("a.cc-btn.cc-ALLOW"));149		btnAceitarCookies.click();150		151		WebElement txtSearch = driver.findElement(By.id("s"));	152		txtSearch.sendKeys("Antonio");153		assertEquals("Antonio", txtSearch.getAttribute("value"));154		driver.switchTo().defaultContent();155		156		Thread.sleep(3000);157		158		driver.switchTo().frame("iframe_d");159		160		Thread.sleep(3000);161		162		WebElement menu = driver.findElement(By.id("dropdownButton"));163		menu.click();164		165		WebElement txtSearchWeb = driver.findElement(By.name("search"));166		txtSearchWeb.sendKeys("Antonio");167		assertEquals("Antonio", txtSearchWeb.getAttribute("value"));168	}169	170	@Test171	@Category(PositiveInterface.class)172	public void testAlert() {173		WebElement btnAlert = driver.findElement(By.name("alertbtn"));174		btnAlert.click();175		176		Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();177		assertEquals("Eu sou um alerta!", alert.getText());178		alert.dismiss();179	}180}...

Source: Component.java

...46    public String getTagName() {47        return _delegate.getTagName();48    }49    @Override50    public String getAttribute(String name) {51        return _delegate.getAttribute(name);52    }53    @Override54    public boolean isSelected() {55        return _delegate.isSelected();56    }57    @Override58    public boolean isEnabled() {59        return _delegate.isEnabled();60    }61    @Override62    public String getText() {63        return _delegate.getText();64    }65    @Override...

Source: WebEventListener.java

...41					Reporter.log("Clicked on: " + element.getText());42				}43			}44		} catch (Exception e) {45			elementText = element.getAttribute("textcontent");46			try {47				if (!elementText.isEmpty()) {48					if (elementText.length() < 100) {49						System.out.println("Clicked on: " + element.getAttribute("textcontent"));50						Reporter.log("Clicked on: " + element.getAttribute("textcontent"));51					}52				}53			} catch (Exception ex) {54				System.out.println("Clicked on: " + element.toString());55				Reporter.log("Clicked on: " + element.toString());56			}57		}58	}59	/* (non-Javadoc)60	 * @see org.openqa.selenium.support.events.AbstractWebDriverEventListener#afterClickOn(org.openqa.selenium.WebElement, org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver)61	 */62	public void afterClickOn(WebElement element, WebDriver driver) {63	}64	/* (non-Javadoc)...

Source: ButtonCount.java

...29		System.out.println("Button Name: "+signupBtn.getText());30		31		/**32		 * <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" name="signup"> Submit </button>33		 * getAttribute("attribute_name")- first identify the webelement dn we can user getAttribute("",) 34		 * to get the html attribute value based on attribute name35		 */36		System.out.println("name attribute value: "+signupBtn.getAttribute("name"));37		System.out.println("class attribute value: "+signupBtn.getAttribute("class"));38		System.out.println("type attribute value: "+signupBtn.getAttribute("type"));39		40		/**41		 * findElements(By): to identify multiple elements from the web page and returns List<WebElement>42		 * if you want to count the identified element dn use size()43		 * if you want to get specific element from the list use get(index) by using passing the required element44		 * index number or use for loop to iterate all the list elements45		 */46		List<WebElement> buttons=driver.findElements(By.tagName("button"));47		System.out.println("Button count: "+buttons.size());48		for(int i=0;i<buttons.size();i++) {49			System.out.println(buttons.get(i).getAttribute("class"));50		}51	}52}...

Source: ElementsHelper.java

...13    WebElement getElementPresenceWithTimeout(By by, int timeout);14    WebElement getElementByText ( String text );15    List<WebElement> getElementsByText (String text );16    List<WebElement> getElementsByTag ( String tagName );17    Optional<String> getAttribute (WebElement elem, String attributeName );18    Optional<String> getAttribute ( By by, String attributeName );19    void clickElement(By by);20    void clickElement(WebElement element);21    void clickElementJS ( By by );22    void clickElementJS (WebElement elem );23}...

Source: GetAtrributecopypaste.java

...22		WebElement name =driver.findElement(By.id("email"));23		24		name.sendKeys("simanchal");25		26		String st= name.getAttribute("value");27		28		29		WebElement	pwd =driver.findElement(By.id("pass"));30		31		pwd.sendKeys(st);32		33		System.out.println(pwd.getAttribute("value"));34		35		36		37		38		3940	}4142}
...

getAttribute

Using AI Code Generation

1import org.openqa.selenium.By;2import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;3import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;4import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;5public class GetAttribute {6public static void main(String[] args) {7WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();8driver.manage().window().maximize();9driver.switchTo().frame("iframeResult");10System.out.println("Attribute value is: "+text);11driver.quit();12}13}

getAttribute

Using AI Code Generation

1driver.findElement(By.id("link1")).getAttribute("href");2driver.findElement(By.id("link1")).getCssValue("color");3driver.findElement(By.id("link1")).getTagName();4driver.findElement(By.id("link1")).getText();5driver.findElement(By.id("link1")).getSize();6driver.findElement(By.id("link1")).getLocation();7driver.findElement(By.id("link1")).isEnabled();8driver.findElement(By.id("link1")).isDisplayed();9driver.findElement(By.id("link1")).isSelected();10driver.findElement(By.id("link1")).clear();11driver.findElement(By.id

getAttribute

Using AI Code Generation

1package com.selenium4beginners.java.webdriver;2import org.openqa.selenium.By;3import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;4import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;5import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;6public class GetAttributeMethod {7	public static void main(String[] args) {8		System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "C:\\Selenium\\chromedriver.exe");9		WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();10		WebElement linkElement = driver.findElement(By.linkText("This is a Ajax link"));11		String linkURL = linkElement.getAttribute("href");12		System.out.println(linkURL);13		driver.close();14	}15}

StackOverFlow community discussions

Questions

Discussion

How to open a link in new tab (chrome) using Selenium WebDriver?

getText() method of selenium chrome driver sometimes returns an empty string

How to test if a WebElement Attribute exists using Selenium Webdriver

What is the fix for class file for com.google.common.base.predicate not found?

Selenium abotring with "UnreachableBrowserException/Address already in use" occurring on one computer

How can I extend the Selenium By.class to create more flexibility?

Unable to create new remote session. Appium

Selenium Web Driver : Handle Confirm Box using Java

What is JavaScriptExecutor in Selenium?

Page scroll up or down in Selenium WebDriver (Selenium 2) using java

this below code works for me in Selenium 3 and chrome version 58.

    WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
    driver.get("http://yahoo.com");  
    ((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript("window.open()");
    ArrayList<String> tabs = new ArrayList<String>(driver.getWindowHandles());
    driver.switchTo().window(tabs.get(1));
    driver.get("http://google.com");

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/34829329/how-to-open-a-link-in-new-tab-chrome-using-selenium-webdriver

Update: The textContent attribute is a better option and supported across the majority of browsers. The differences are explained in detail at this blog post: innerText vs. textContent

As an alternative, the innerText attribute will return the text content of an element which exists in the DOM.

element.getAttribute("innerText")

The isDisplayed() method can sometimes trip over when the element is not really hidden but outside the viewport; getText() returns an empty string for such an element.

You can also bring the element into the viewport by scrolling to it using javascript, as follows:

((JavaScriptExecutor)driver).executeScript("arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);", element);

and then getText() should return the correct value.

Details on the isDisplayed() method can be found in this SO question:

How does Selenium WebDriver's isDisplayed() method work

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20888592/gettext-method-of-selenium-chrome-driver-sometimes-returns-an-empty-string

if the attribute is not present, it should return null, if it's present and not set then it will return empty string. I think that's the case in your example, if so. Then you should use equal method to compare string rather than == operator.

Below example is about google search box, xxx attribute is not present for search box and so it will return null

    driver = new ChromeDriver();
    driver.get("http://google.com");
    WebElement ele = driver.findElement(By.name("q"));
    String attr = ele.getAttribute("xxx");
    if (attr == null){
        System.out.print("Attribute does not exist");
    }

    else if (attr.equals("")){
        System.out.print("Attribute is empty string");
    }

You can try it out yourself by writing the following html and saving it as test. html:

<html>
    <head>
    </head>
    <body>
        <p id="one">one</p>
        <p id="two" data-se="">two</p>
        <p id="three" data-se="something">three</p>
    </body>
</html>

Then write a web driver script that looks like this:

driver.get("file:///<PATH_TO_HTML_ABOVE>/test.html");

WebElement one = driver.findElement(By.id("one"));
WebElement two = driver.findElement(By.id("two"));
WebElement three = driver.findElement(By.id("three"));

System.out.println("Does one have the data-se attribute?:  '" + one.getAttribute("data-se") + "'");
System.out.println("Does two have the data-se attribute?:  '" + two.getAttribute("data-se") + "'");
System.out.println("Does three have the data-se attribute?:  '" + three.getAttribute("data-se") + "'");

Which will give you the following output:

Does one have the data-se attribute?:  'null' 
Does two have the data-se attribute?:  '' 
Does three have the data-se attribute?:  'something'

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44847608/how-to-test-if-a-webelement-attribute-exists-using-selenium-webdriver

This can actually be easily done.

The idea is to get access to the WebDriver instance and run the JavaScript on it (if it supports it). Then there's a lot of validating, because we need to make sure we only return what we promised.

The ByJavaScript class itself will look like this:

public class ByJavaScript extends By implements Serializable {
    private final String script;

    public ByJavaScript(String script) {
        checkNotNull(script, "Cannot find elements with a null JavaScript expression.");
        this.script = script;
    }

    @Override
    public List<WebElement> findElements(SearchContext context) {
        JavascriptExecutor js = getJavascriptExecutorFromSearchContext(context);

        // call the JS, inspect and validate response
        Object response = js.executeScript(script);
        List<WebElement> elements = getElementListFromJsResponse(response);

        // filter out the elements that aren't descendants of the context node
        if (context instanceof WebElement) {
            filterOutElementsWithoutCommonAncestor(elements, (WebElement)context);
        }

        return elements;
    }

    private static JavascriptExecutor getJavascriptExecutorFromSearchContext(SearchContext context) {
        if (context instanceof JavascriptExecutor) {
            // context is most likely the whole WebDriver
            return (JavascriptExecutor)context;
        }
        if (context instanceof WrapsDriver) {
            // context is most likely some WebElement
            WebDriver driver = ((WrapsDriver)context).getWrappedDriver();
            checkState(driver instanceof JavascriptExecutor, "This WebDriver doesn't support JavaScript.");
            return (JavascriptExecutor)driver;
        }
        throw new IllegalStateException("We can't invoke JavaScript from this context.");
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")  // cast thoroughly checked
    private static List<WebElement> getElementListFromJsResponse(Object response) {
        if (response == null) {
            // no element found
            return Lists.newArrayList();
        }
        if (response instanceof WebElement) {
            // a single element found
            return Lists.newArrayList((WebElement)response);
        }
        if (response instanceof List) {
            // found multiple things, check whether every one of them is a WebElement
            checkArgument(
                    Iterables.all((List<?>)response, Predicates.instanceOf(WebElement.class)),
                    "The JavaScript query returned something that isn't a WebElement.");
            return (List<WebElement>)response;  // cast is checked as far as we can tell
        }
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("The JavaScript query returned something that isn't a WebElement.");
    }

    private static void filterOutElementsWithoutCommonAncestor(List<WebElement> elements, WebElement ancestor) {
        for (Iterator<WebElement> iter = elements.iterator(); iter.hasNext(); ) {
            WebElement elem = iter.next();

            // iterate over ancestors
            while (!elem.equals(ancestor) && !elem.getTagName().equals("html")) {
                elem = elem.findElement(By.xpath("./.."));
            }

            if (!elem.equals(ancestor)) {
                iter.remove();
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
          return "By.javaScript: \"" + script + "\"";
    }

}

^{This code uses the Google Guava library. It is a dependency of Selenium, so you should have it on your classpath. But if there's something you don't understand, look into Guava.}

Things to consider:

Document the whole thing.
Use better and more helpful exceptions. Consider some custom subclasses of WebDriverException. Also add more helpful messages and info.
Restrict the class' visibility to package. Or embed it into a static factory (as seen in the original By class) so that it won't be accessible directly etc.
Write tests. I have tried the most obvious usages (element can't be found, search from driver, search from some context) and everything seems to be ok, but I didn't test it extensively.

Usage:

WebElement elem = driver.findElement(new ByJavaScript("return document.querySelector('.haha');"));

Now, the original By class is a static factory that gives out various implementations of itself. Unfortunately, we can't add a new static method to it (without changing its source), so we won't be able to type By.javascript("return something;"). We have to create our own static factory to get something similar:

public class MyBy {
    /**
     * Returns a {@code By} which locates elements by the JavaScript expression passed to it.
     * 
     * @param script The JavaScript expression to run and whose result to return
     */
    public static By javascript(String script) {
        return new ByJavaScript(script);
    }
}

Usage:

WebElement elem = driver.findElement(MyBy.javascript("return document.querySelector('.haha');"));

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19458305/how-can-i-extend-the-selenium-by-class-to-create-more-flexibility

different dialogs handling using selenium webDriver:

import org.openqa.selenium.Alert;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

public class JavaScriptAlertTest {

public static void main(String[] args) {

    WebDriver myTestDriver = new FirefoxDriver();
    myTestDriver.get("...blablabla....");

    myTestDriver.manage().window().maximize();

    myTestDriver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value = 'alert']")).click();

    Alert javascriptAlert = myTestDriver.switchTo().alert();
    System.out.println(javascriptAlert.getText()); // Get text on alert box
    javascriptAlert.accept();

    System.out.println("*************prompt******************************************");

    myTestDriver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value = 'prompt']")).click();

    Alert javascriptprompt = myTestDriver.switchTo().alert();
    javascriptprompt.sendKeys("This is Selenium Training");

    System.out.println(javascriptprompt.getText()); // Get text on alert box

    javascriptprompt.accept();
    javascriptprompt = myTestDriver.switchTo().alert();

    System.out.println(javascriptprompt.getText()); // Get text on alert box
    javascriptprompt.accept();

    myTestDriver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value = 'prompt']")).click();

    javascriptprompt = myTestDriver.switchTo().alert();

    System.out.println(javascriptprompt.getText()); // Get text on alert box

    javascriptprompt.dismiss();
    javascriptprompt = myTestDriver.switchTo().alert();

    System.out.println(javascriptprompt.getText()); // Get text on alert box
    javascriptprompt.accept();

    System.out.println("***********************************confirm dialog box****************************");
    myTestDriver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value = 'confirm']")).click();

    Alert javascriptconfirm = myTestDriver.switchTo().alert();
    javascriptconfirm.accept();

    javascriptconfirm = myTestDriver.switchTo().alert();
    System.out.println(javascriptconfirm.getText()); // Get text on alert box
    javascriptconfirm.accept();

    myTestDriver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value = 'confirm']")).click();
    javascriptconfirm = myTestDriver.switchTo().alert();

    javascriptconfirm.dismiss();
    javascriptconfirm = myTestDriver.switchTo().alert();
    System.out.println(javascriptconfirm.getText()); // Get text on alert box
    javascriptconfirm.accept();

}
}

Hope it helps you:)

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13560120/selenium-web-driver-handle-confirm-box-using-java

JavascriptExecutor

JavascriptExecutor is the Selenium interface which is being implemented by all the following classes:

FirefoxDriver
ChromeDriver
InternetExplorerDriver
EdgeDriver
OperaDriver
SafariDriver
RemoteWebDriver
EventFiringWebDriver
HtmlUnitDriver

While you execute your Selenium script at times because of cross domain policies browsers enforce your script execution may fail unexpectedly and without adequate error logging. This is particularly pertinent when creating your own XHR request or when trying to access another frame.

You will find a detailed discussion in Uncaught DOMException: Blocked a frame with origin “http://localhost:8080” from accessing a cross-origin frame while listing the iframes in page

JavascriptExecutor interface provides two methods as follows:

executeScript(): This method executes JavaScript in the context of the currently selected frame or window. The script fragment provided will be executed as the body of an anonymous function. Within the script you need to use document to refer to the current document. Note that local variables will not be available once the script has finished executing, though global variables will persist.
executeAsyncScript(): This method executes an asynchronous piece of JavaScript in the context of the currently selected frame or window. Unlike executing synchronous JavaScript, scripts executed with this method must explicitly signal they are finished by invoking the provided callback. This callback is always injected into the executed function as the last argument.

Example

A couple of examples:

Using JS to enter text

String js = "arguments[0].setAttribute('value','"+inputText+"')"
((JavascriptExecutor) webDriver).executeScript(js, element);

Double click through JavaScript

new Actions(driver).moveToElement(myElem, posX, posY).perform();
((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(jsDoubleClick, myElem, posX, posY);

Sending variable character strings through executeScript()

String myValue = "80120804076";
WebElement pesel = driver.findElement(fldPesel);
jse.executeScript("arguments[0].value='" + myValue + "';", pesel);

Reference

You also can find a couple of detailed discussions about the arguments in:

What does arguments[0] and arguments[1] mean when using executeScript method from JavascriptExecutor interface through Selenium WebDriver?

tl;dr

Cross-domain policy file specification

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/52689880/what-is-javascriptexecutor-in-selenium

Scenario/Test steps:
1. Open a browser and navigate to TestURL
2. Scroll down some pixel and scroll up

For Scroll down:

WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;
jse.executeScript("window.scrollBy(0,250)");

OR, you can do as follows:

jse.executeScript("scroll(0, 250);");

For Scroll up:

jse.executeScript("window.scrollBy(0,-250)");
OR,
jse.executeScript("scroll(0, -250);");

Scroll to the bottom of the page:

Scenario/Test steps:
1. Open a browser and navigate to TestURL
2. Scroll to the bottom of the page

Way 1: By using JavaScriptExecutor

jse.executeScript("window.scrollTo(0, document.body.scrollHeight)");

Way 2: By pressing ctrl+end

driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("body")).sendKeys(Keys.CONTROL, Keys.END);

Way 3: By using Java Robot class

Robot robot = new Robot();
robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);
robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_END);
robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_END);
robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12293158/page-scroll-up-or-down-in-selenium-webdriver-selenium-2-using-java

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This article is a part of our Content Hub. For more in-depth resources, check out our content hub on Selenium Python Tutorial.

Common Mistakes Made By Web Developers And How To Avoid Them

Ever-since the introduction of World Wide Web in 1990, the domain of web development has evolved dynamically from web pages to web applications. End users no longer browse web pages for reading static content. Websites now have dynamic features to increase their engagement rate. Interactive websites are being developed using which users can perform their day to day activities like shopping for groceries, banking, paying taxes, etc. However, these applications are developed by human beings, and mistakes are supposed to happen. Often a simple mistake can impact a critical functionality in your website that will lead the user to move away to a different website, reducing your profit and SERP ranking. In this article, we shall discuss the common mistakes made by developers while developing a web application.

Selenium 4 Tutorial:

LambdaTest’s Selenium 4 tutorial is covering every aspects of Selenium 4 testing with examples and best practices. Here you will learn basics, such as how to upgrade from Selenium 3 to Selenium 4, to some advanced concepts, such as Relative locators and Selenium Grid 4 for Distributed testing. Also will learn new features of Selenium 4, such as capturing screenshots of specific elements, opening a new tab or window on the browser, and new protocol adoptions.

Chapters:

Upgrading From Selenium 3 To Selenium 4?: In this chapter, learn in detail how to update Selenium 3 to Selenium 4 for Java binding. Also, learn how to upgrade while using different build tools such as Maven or Gradle and get comprehensive guidance for upgrading Selenium.
What’s New In Selenium 4 & What’s Being Deprecated? : Get all information about new implementations in Selenium 4, such as W3S protocol adaption, Optimized Selenium Grid, and Enhanced Selenium IDE. Also, learn what is deprecated for Selenium 4, such as DesiredCapabilites and FindsBy methods, etc.
Selenium 4 With Python: Selenium supports all major languages, such as Python, C#, Ruby, and JavaScript. In this chapter, learn how to install Selenium 4 for Python and the features of Python in Selenium 4, such as Relative locators, Browser manipulation, and Chrom DevTool protocol.
Selenium 4 Is Now W3C Compliant: JSON Wireframe protocol is retiring from Selenium 4, and they are adopting W3C protocol to learn in detail about the advantages and impact of these changes.
How To Use Selenium 4 Relative Locator? : Selenium 4 came with new features such as Relative Locators that allow constructing locators with reference and easily located constructors nearby. Get to know its different use cases with examples.
Selenium Grid 4 Tutorial For Distributed Testing: Selenium Grid 4 allows you to perform tests over different browsers, OS, and device combinations. It also enables parallel execution browser testing, reads up on various features of Selenium Grid 4 and how to download it, and runs a test on Selenium Grid 4 with best practices.
Selenium Video Tutorials: Binge on video tutorials on Selenium by industry experts to get step-by-step direction from automating basic to complex test scenarios with Selenium.