How to use convertFromPngBytes method of org.openqa.selenium.Interface OutputType class

Why use java.awt.Robot when org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions.class would probably work fine? Just sayin.

Actions builder = new Actions(driver);

builder.keyDown(Keys.CONTROL)
   .click(someElement)
   .moveByOffset( 10, 25 );
   .click(someOtherElement)
   .keyUp(Keys.CONTROL).build().perform();

I have also implemented the same extending Testng TestListenerAdapter. By capturing the screenshot then attach it to the Testng Report with the image of size height=100 and width=100 with onTestFailure. Please see below if this helps solve your problem

    File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot) WebdriverManager.globalDriverInstance).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
      //Needs Commons IO library
      try {
        FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File(file.getAbsolutePath()+ "/selenium-reports/html/" + result.getName() + ".jpg"));
        Reporter.log("<a href='"+ file.getAbsolutePath()+"/selenium-reports/html/" + result.getName() + ".jpg'> <img src='"+ file.getAbsolutePath()+"/selenium-reports/html/"+ result.getName() + ".jpg' height='100' width='100'/> </a>");
    } catch (IOException e) {
        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    Reporter.setCurrentTestResult(null);

It looks like you need to add the location of your log4j.properties or log4j.xml file to the Classpath in Eclipse.

Make sure your project is open in Eclipse, then click on the "Run" menu at the top of Eclipse and click on the following:

Run -> Run Configurations -> Classpath (tab) -> User Entries -> Advanced (button on the right) -> Add Folders ->then navigate to the folder that contains your log4j.properties file

Apply -> Run

The error message should no longer appear.

Use Actions class to perform mouse, keyboard actions on WebElements using WebDriver.

Actions action = new Actions(driver);
WebElement element=driver.findElement(By.linkText("TEST"));

//Double click
action.doubleClick(element).perform();

//Mouse over
action.moveToElement(element).perform();

//Right Click
action.contextClick(element).perform();

Chances are this problem is caused by an already-running instance of the Selenium server. The new instance needs to listen on the same port number, but can't, because the port is already in use.

Let's say your Selenium server is configured to start on port 4444. Determine if the port is in use using the 'netstat' command:

On Windows: netstat -an | find "4444"

Expect to see output like this:

  TCP    0.0.0.0:4444           0.0.0.0:0              LISTENING
  TCP    [::]:4444              [::]:0                 LISTENING

On Linux, use: netstat -anp | grep 4444

(No Linux box to hand, so can't show example output!)

If you see any output, you need to kill the process that's listening on the port that Selenium wants to use. On Windows, use netstat -anb to find the process name (it'll be listed after the line specifying the port number). Kill it using the Task Manager. On Linux, the process PID and name will be listed by the command above - kill it using kill <PID>.

You have to add your dependencies to the classpath when you run your program:

java -cp "selenium-java.jar:..." -jar xyz-selenium-test-1.0.jar

Maven also allows you to run a Main class with all the required dependencies in the classpath (see option 1 in the previous link).

Otherwise you can create a Jar with dependencies, which will contain everything you need to run your code:

<plugin>
  <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
  <configuration>
    <archive>
      <manifest>
        <mainClass>com.setup.test.Setup</mainClass>
      </manifest>
    </archive>
    <descriptorRefs>
      <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
    </descriptorRefs>
  </configuration>
  <executions>
    <execution>
      <id>make-assembly</id>
      <phase>package</phase>
      <goals>
        <goal>single</goal>
      </goals>
    </execution>
  </executions>
</plugin>

and run

java -jar xyz-selenium-test-jar-with-dependencies-1.0.jar

Take a look at the section about filling in forms using webdriver in the selenium documentation and the javadoc for the Select class.

To select an option based on the label:

Select select = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//path_to_drop_down")));
select.deselectAll();
select.selectByVisibleText("Value1");

To get the first selected value:

WebElement option = select.getFirstSelectedOption()

May be helpful for others to solve this problem in chrome with the help of chrome extension. Thanks to @SubjectiveReality who gave me this idea.

Sending username and password as part of url like https://username:password@www.mytestsite.com may be helpful if same server performs both authentication and hosts the application. However most corporate applications have firmwide authentications and app server may reroute the request to authentication servers. In such cases, passing credentials in URL wont work.

Here is the solution:

#Step1: Create chrome extension#

1. Create a folder named 'extension'
2. Create a file named 'manifest.json' inside 'extension' folder. Copy below code into the file and save it.

{ "name":"Webrequest API", "version":"1.0", "description":"Extension to handle Authentication window", "permissions":["<all_urls>","webRequest","webRequestBlocking"], "background": { "scripts" : ["webrequest.js"] }, "manifest_version": 2 }

3. Create a file named 'webrequest.js' inside 'extension' folder and copy paste below code into the file and save it.

chrome.webRequest.onAuthRequired.addListener(
function handler(details){
 return {'authCredentials': {username: "yourusername", password: "yourpassword"}};
},
{urls:["<all_urls>"]},
['blocking']);

4. Open chrome browser, go to chrome://extensions and turn on developer mode

5. Click 'Pack Extension', select root directory as 'extension' and pack extension. It should create a file with extension '.crx'

#Step2: Add extension into your test automation framework #

1. Copy the .crx file into your framework
2. Configure your webdriver creation to load the extension like

options.addExtensions(new File("path/to/extension.crx"));
options.addArguments("--no-sandbox");

3. Invoke your webdriver and application URL
4. You wont see the authentication popup appearing as its handled by above extension

Happy Testing!

References:

#apiReference https://developer.chrome.com/extensions/webRequest#event-onAuthRequired chrome.webRequest.onAuthRequired Listener https://gist.github.com/florentbr/25246cd9337cebc07e2bbb0b9bf0de46

As far as I know, there are 3 ways:

1. Implicit wait: (It's applicable for all elements on the page)

   driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(A_GIVEN_NUMBER, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

2. Explicit wait: (Applicable for a particular element)

   WebDriverWait.until(CONDITION_THAT_FINDS_AN_ELEMENT);

More specific code is as below:

WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 40);
WebElement element = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id("someid")));

1. Using Thread:

   Thread.sleep(NUMBER_OF_MILLIS);