How to use JUnitRule method of org.mockitousage.junitrule.LenientJUnitRuleTest class

There are different ways to use Mockito - I'll go through them one by one.

Manually

Creating mocks manually with Mockito::mock works regardless of the JUnit version (or test framework for that matter).

Annotation Based

Using the @Mock-annotation and the corresponding call to MockitoAnnotations::initMocks to create mocks works regardless of the JUnit version (or test framework for that matter but Java 9 could interfere here, depending on whether the test code ends up in a module or not).

Mockito Extension

JUnit 5 has a powerful extension model and Mockito recently published one under the group / artifact ID org.mockito : mockito-junit-jupiter.

You can apply the extension by adding @ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class) to the test class and annotating mocked fields with @Mock. From MockitoExtension's JavaDoc:

@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
public class ExampleTest {

    @Mock
    private List list;

    @Test
    public void shouldDoSomething() {
        list.add(100);
    }

}

The MockitoExtension documentation describes other ways to instantiate mocks, for example with constructor injection (if you rpefer final fields in test classes).

No Rules, No Runners

JUnit 4 rules and runners don't work in JUnit 5, so the MockitoRule and the Mockito runner can not be used.

When you are invoking

Mockito.when(spy.isCertainValue()).thenReturn(true);

the method isCertainValue() is getting called here. This is how Java works: to evaluate the argument of Mockito.when, the result of spy.isCertainValue() must be evaluated so the method must be called.

If you don't want that to happen, you can use the following construct:

Mockito.doReturn(true).when(spy).isCertainValue();

This will have the same mocking effect but the method won't be called with this.

JUnit creates a new instance of test class each time it runs a new test method and runs @Before method each time it creates a new test class. You can easily test it:

@Before
public void setup() {
    System.out.println("setup");
    when(myMock.myMethod()).thenReturn("hello");
}

And MockitoJUnitRunner will create a new MyMock mock instance for every test method.

As far as I can tell this is a limitation / poor implementation. When looking at org.mockito.internal.matchers.CapturingMatcher there is

public boolean matches(Object argument) {
    return true;
}

meaning it matches every argument / class.

This results in org.mockito.internal.matchers.CapturingMatcher#getAllValues returning a List<B> but actually containing one A and one B resulting in a ClassCastException during runtime when trying to get them as B.

List<Object> arguments; // the invocations

// adds a new invocation
public void captureFrom(Object argument) {
    // ... 
    this.arguments.add(argument);
    // ... 
}

// return the list of arguments, using raw types remove any compiler checks for validity,
// the returned List contains elements that are not of type T
public List<T> getAllValues() {
    // ... 
    return new ArrayList<T>((List) arguments);
    // ... 
}

This should be solvable by changing org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor in a way that it passes its Class<? extends T> clazz into the CapturingMatcher and therefore passing the type information along properly, enabling a proper matches implementation and removing the need for the cast / raw type usage.

Its a known bug reported for both parties:

http://code.google.com/p/powermock/issues/detail?id=402 https://github.com/jacoco/eclemma/issues/15#issuecomment-9565210

eCoberture seems however to provide correct coverage. The only problem, that it seems not to be maintained anymore, and you cannot remove the highlights im Eclipse Juno.

import org.springframework.test.util.ReflectionTestUtils;

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public CustomServiceTest{

@InjectMocks
private CustomServiceImpl customService;

@Mock
private DataService dataService;

@Before
public void setup() {
    ReflectionTestUtils.setField(customService, "url", "http://someurl");
}    
...
}

@Mock creates a mock. @InjectMocks creates an instance of the class and injects the mocks that are created with the @Mock (or @Spy) annotations into this instance.

Note you must use @RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class) or Mockito.initMocks(this) to initialize these mocks and inject them (JUnit 4).

With JUnit 5, you must use @ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class).

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class) // JUnit 4
// @ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class) for JUnit 5
public class SomeManagerTest {

    @InjectMocks
    private SomeManager someManager;

    @Mock
    private SomeDependency someDependency; // this will be injected into someManager
 
     // tests...

}

Reason: your test load one application context with bean mock inside. The bean mocks are dirty after any test. You have a dirty application context also.

Solution: you have to clean bean mock. Using Mockito.reset(mocks) after each test. I've found sth similar: How to clean up mocks in spring tests when using Mockito

Using void reset(T... mocks) will reset all stubbings on the mocks. If you just need to reset the invocation counts for subsequent verifications, use void clearInvocations(T... mocks).