How to use cannotInjectDependency method of org.mockito.internal.exceptions.Reporter class

If you can't change the code, you can use Powermock along with junit and Mockito to mock the construction of new objects.

@Test
public void testDoWork() throws Exception{

    MyTest mytest = new MyTest();

    OtherObj obj = new OtherObj();
    obj.test="mocked Test"; //here you can add any other needed values to obj

    PowerMockito.whenNew(OtherObj.class).withNoArguments().thenReturn(obj);

    String result = mytest.doWork();
    Assert.assertTrue(result.equalsIgnoreCase("mocked Test"));
}

There are several disadvantages to the when/thenReturn, when/thenThrow and when/then syntaxes. For example,

• In the case of when/thenReturn, if the return type is a generic with a wildcard, and you wish to return a mock of the same type, you will be unable to avoid a compile warning.
• You can't use when/thenThrow and when/then for a void method.
• You can't use these syntaxes on Mockito spies.
• You can only call when once for each combination of mock object, method and arguments, unless you call reset on the mock.
• Calling when multiple times for one combination of mock object and method, when you are using argument matchers, can lead to problems.

I find these cases difficult to remember. So instead of trying to keep track of when the when/thenReturn, when/thenThrow and when/then syntaxes will and won't work, I prefer to avoid them completely, in favour of the doReturn/when, doThrow/when and doAnswer/when alternatives. That is to say, since you'll occasionally need doReturn/when, doThrow/when and doAnswer/when, and you can ALWAYS use these methods, there is no point in learning how to use when/thenReturn, when/thenThrow and when/then.

Note that doReturn, doThrow and doAnswer can be chained together in the same way as thenReturn, thenThrow and then. What they don't have is an option for returning several values (or throwing several exceptions, or running several answers) within a single call to doReturn, doThrow and doAnswer. But I find that I need to do this so seldom, that it doesn't really matter.

There's one more disadvantage to doReturn, which I consider insignificant. You don't get compile time checking of the type of its argument, like you do with when/thenReturn. So if you get the argument type wrong, you won't find out until you run your test. Frankly, I don't care.

In summary then, I have been using Mockito for more than two years, and I consider the consistent use of doReturn, doThrow and doAnswer to be a Mockito best practice. Other Mockito users disagree.

Adding an answer for newer versions of Mockito and Java 8

when(
   mock.method(argThat(t -> t.containsAll(Arrays.asList(IN_PROGRESS, ABANDONED, EXPIRED))))
).thenReturn(myValue);

What are you looking for is called partial mocking.

In PowerMock you can use mockStaticPartial method.

In PowerMockito you can use stubbing, which will stub only the method defined and leave other unchanged:

PowerMockito.stub(PowerMockito.method(StaticUtilClass.class, "someStaticMethod")).toReturn(5);

also don't forget about the

@PrepareForTest(StaticUtilClass.class)

I had a test dependency on a third-party jar which used powermock. In order to resolve this error, I had to add:

@PowerMockIgnore("jdk.internal.reflect.*")

To the class that is tested with powermock

Mockito can stub consecutive behavior with the same parameters—forever repeating the final instruction—but they all have to be part of the same "chain". Otherwise Mockito effectively thinks you've changed your mind and overwrites your previously-mocked behavior, which isn't a bad feature if you've established good defaults in a setUp or @Before method and want to override them in a specific test case.

The general rules for "which Mockito action will happen next": The most-recently-defined chain that matches all arguments will be selected. Within the chain, each action will happen once (counting multiple thenReturn values if given like thenReturn(1, 2, 3)), and then the last action will be repeated forever.

// doVerb syntax, for void methods and some spies
Mockito.doThrow(new IOException())
    .doNothing()
    .when(mapper).writeValue(
        (OutputStream) Matchers.anyObject(), Matchers.anyObject());

This is the equivalent of chained thenVerb statements in the more-common when syntax, which you correctly avoided here for your void method:

// when/thenVerb syntax, to mock methods with return values
when(mapper.writeValue(
        (OutputStream) Matchers.anyObject(), Matchers.anyObject())
    .thenThrow(new IOException())
    .thenReturn(someValue);

Note that you can use static imports for Mockito.doThrow and Matchers.*, and switch to any(OutputStream.class) instead of (OutputStream) anyObject(), and wind up with this:

// doVerb syntax with static imports
doThrow(new IOException())
    .doNothing()
    .when(mapper).writeValue(any(OutputStream.class), anyObject());

See Mockito's documentation for Stubber for a full list of commands you can chain.

You can also use the non-type safe method doReturn for this purpose,

@Test
public void testMockitoWithGenerics()
{
    DummyClass dummyClass = Mockito.mock(DummyClass.class);
    List<? extends Number> someList = new ArrayList<Integer>();

    Mockito.doReturn(someList).when(dummyClass).dummyMethod();

    Assert.assertEquals(someList, dummyClass.dummyMethod());
}

as discussed on Mockito's google group.

While this is simpler than thenAnswer, again note that it is not type safe. If you're concerned about type safety, millhouse's answer is correct.

Additional Details

To be clear, here's the observed compiler error,

The method thenReturn(List<capture#1-of ? extends Number>) in the type OngoingStubbing<List<capture#1-of ? extends Number>> is not applicable for the arguments (List<capture#2-of ? extends Number>)

I believe the compiler has assigned the first wildcard type during the when call and then cannot confirm that the second wildcard type in the thenReturn call is the same.

It looks like thenAnswer doesn't run into this issue because it accepts a wildcard type while thenReturn takes a non-wildcard type, which must be captured. From Mockito's OngoingStubbing,

OngoingStubbing<T> thenAnswer(Answer<?> answer);
OngoingStubbing<T> thenReturn(T value);

From the PowerMock Private Method Example:

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
// We prepare PartialMockClass for test because it's final or we need to mock private or static methods
@PrepareForTest(PartialMockClass.class)
public class YourTestCase {
@Test
public void privatePartialMockingWithPowerMock() {        
    PartialMockClass classUnderTest = PowerMockito.spy(new PartialMockClass());

    // use PowerMockito to set up your expectation
    PowerMockito.doReturn(value).when(classUnderTest, "methodToMock", "parameter1");

    // execute your test
    classUnderTest.execute();

    // Use PowerMockito.verify() to verify result
    PowerMockito.verifyPrivate(classUnderTest, times(2)).invoke("methodToMock", "parameter1");
}

So to apply this to your code, I think it might become:

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest(CodeWithPrivateMethod.class)
public class PowerMock_Test {
    @Test(expected = RuntimeException.class)
    public void when_gambling_is_true_then_always_explode() throws Exception {
        CodeWithPrivateMethod spy = PowerMockito.spy(new CodeWithPrivateMethod());

        PowerMockito.doReturn(true).when(spy, "doTheGamble", anyString(), anyInt());


/* 1 */ PowerMockito.verifyPrivate(spy, times(0)).invoke("doTheGamble", anyString(), anyInt());            
        spy.meaningfulPublicApi();
/* 2 */ PowerMockito.verifyPrivate(spy, times(2)).invoke("doTheGamble", anyString(), anyInt());            
    }
}

I just coded that in the editor here. No tests have actually been run, and no bugs have been harmed in the crafting of this code.

Try View -> Tool Windows -> Maven projects, then click the blue icon in the top left of the tool window (Reimport all Maven projects). You should be able to find the dependencies in the project view, under external libraries.

If this does not work, there is probably something wrong with your maven config (pom.xml). Try mvn clean install from the command line see if it gives any errors.