How to use EventFiringWebDriver class of org.openqa.selenium.support.events package

If you are using Webdriver then the item you are looking for is Selected.

Often times in the render of the checkbox doesn't actually apply the attribute checked unless specified.

So what you would look for in Selenium Webdriver is this

isChecked = e.findElement(By.tagName("input")).Selected;

As there is no Selected in WebDriver Java API, the above code should be as follows:

isChecked = e.findElement(By.tagName("input")).isSelected();

The problem are not duplicate classes but the way generics are used. Here is a little MCVE replicating the situation in Appium's WebDriver class:

package de.scrum_master.stackoverflow;

public interface WebElement {}

package de.scrum_master.stackoverflow;

public interface WebDriver {
  <T extends WebElement> T findElement();
}

package de.scrum_master.stackoverflow;

public class Application {
  static WebDriver webDriver;

  static void myOverloadedMethod(String text) {}
  static void myOverloadedMethod(WebElement text) {}

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    // These 3 variants work
    myOverloadedMethod("test");
    myOverloadedMethod((WebElement) webDriver.findElement());
    WebElement webElement = webDriver.findElement();
    myOverloadedMethod(webElement);

    // This one does not work
    myOverloadedMethod(webDriver.findElement());
  }
}

Explanation: Due to type erasure doSomething's generic return type <T extends WebElement> evaluates to Object, so when trying to use that result for calling myOverloadedMethod(..) the compiler does not know which method to select.

Solution: You need to help by casting or explicitly declaring a type for a variable containing the method parameter.

P.S.: If you would modify the interface definition from interface WebDriver to interface WebDriver<T>, the compilation error would go away. But Appium's implementation does not do that, maybe because they want to stay as compatible(?) as possible to the original Selenium class. You have to ask them.

Update: Because the OP seems to have problems understanding my answer or to believe I did not try his sample code, which of course I used to reproduce and understand his problem:

package de.scrum_master.appium;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

public class Interactions {
  public static void touchWebElement(WebElement element, WebDriver driver) {}

  public static void touchWebElement(By by, WebDriver driver) {
    // Works
    WebElement webElement = driver.findElement(by);
    touchWebElement(webElement, driver);
    // Works
    touchWebElement((WebElement) driver.findElement(by), driver);
    // Ambiguous due to type erasure -> does not work
    touchWebElement(driver.findElement(by), driver);
  }
}

There is absolutely no need rename methods, re-package any classes or perform other types of Maven/Gradle stunts here.

Selenium has the advantage that it runs an actual browser, it will therefore execute all the JS and so forth in a way that's very, very close to an actual user of the site. The API further allows you to write your tests in a language that's close to the actual interactions (e.g. click to click on a link).

So if you do have tests that have some form of interactions (forms, links, etc.) The overhead of Selenium is worth it. If you simply want to open an URL and check for the existence of some content Jsoup will do.

On Linux, you can start up a vncserver on a different display (say, :8 or something) and then have Selenium and your Firefox instances use that display. Works well for us where I work.

Try setting an implicit wait of maybe 10 seconds.

gmail.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

Or set an explicit wait. An explicit waits is code you define to wait for a certain condition to occur before proceeding further in the code. In your case, it is the visibility of the password input field. (Thanks to ainlolcat's comment)

WebDriver gmail= new ChromeDriver();
gmail.get("https://www.gmail.co.in"); 
gmail.findElement(By.id("Email")).sendKeys("abcd");
gmail.findElement(By.id("next")).click();
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(gmail, 10);
WebElement element = wait.until(
ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id("Passwd")));
gmail.findElement(By.id("Passwd")).sendKeys("xyz");

Explanation: The reason selenium can't find the element is because the id of the password input field is initially Passwd-hidden. After you click on the "Next" button, Google first verifies the email address entered and then shows the password input field (by changing the id from Passwd-hidden to Passwd). So, when the password field is still hidden (i.e. Google is still verifying the email id), your webdriver starts searching for the password input field with id Passwd which is still hidden. And hence, an exception is thrown.

While working with Selenium v3.11.x, GeckoDriver v0.20.0 and Firefox Quantum v59.0.2 there are different option to invoke a new/existing Firefox Profile

If you are looking to use a new Firefox Profile on every run of your Test Execution you can use the following code block :

System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "C:\\path\\to\\geckodriver.exe");
FirefoxOptions options = new FirefoxOptions();
options.setProfile(new FirefoxProfile());
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(options);
driver.get("https://www.google.com");

If you are looking to use an existing Firefox Profile on every run of your Test Execution first you have to create a Firefox Profile manually following the instructions at Creating a new Firefox profile on Windows.

Now you have 2 ways to invoke the Firefox Profile you have created as follows :

• You can use the FirefoxOptions class to invoke the existing Firefox Profile and you can use the following code block :

  System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "C:\\path\\to\\geckodriver.exe");
  ProfilesIni profile = new ProfilesIni();
  FirefoxProfile testprofile = profile.getProfile("debanjan");
  FirefoxOptions opt = new FirefoxOptions();
  opt.setProfile(testprofile);
  WebDriver driver =  new FirefoxDriver(opt);
  driver.get("https://www.google.com");
  

• You can also use the DesiredCapabilities class to set the existing Firefox Profile and later merge within an instance of FirefoxOptions and you can use the following code block :

  System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "C:\\path\\to\\geckodriver.exe");
  ProfilesIni profile = new ProfilesIni();
  FirefoxProfile testprofile = profile.getProfile("debanjan");
  DesiredCapabilities dc = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();
  dc.setCapability(FirefoxDriver.PROFILE, testprofile);
  FirefoxOptions opt = new FirefoxOptions();
  opt.merge(dc);
  WebDriver driver =  new FirefoxDriver(opt);
  driver.get("https://www.google.com");
  

First of all, don't use

capabilities.setCapability(InternetExplorerDriver.INTRODUCE_FLAKINESS_BY_IGNORING_SECURITY_DOMAINS,true);

as you have already set Protected mode settings. For the issue you are seeing, it should be because of the missing registry settings that is added as a prerequisite for running tests in IE11:

https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/wiki/InternetExplorerDriver#required-configuration

Instead of "\n" you need to use <br /> tag for Extent report new line,

extentTest.log(Status.INFO, String.format(
                "Add new record into database (%s)","{<br />" +
                        "   Name = name, <br />".replace("name", name) +
                        "   Description = description, <br />".replace("description", description) +
                        "   Language = language, <br />".replace("language", language) +
                        "   Time = time, <br />".replace("time", time) +
                        "}"));

HTML5 Canvas

The HTML element is used to draw graphics, on the fly, via JavaScript. The element is only a container for graphics. You must use JavaScript to actually draw the graphics. Canvas has several methods for drawing paths, boxes, circles, text, and adding images.

In general, to scroll the mousewheel up and down we could have opted for the Actions Class. But as per Automated Testing of HTML5 Canvas Applications with Selenium WebDriver it seems this API is not that reliable. In Firefox, every mouse down, mouse up, or mouse click happens at the center of the element. So the code above produces a mouse move event to the provided (x,y), then a mouse move event to the center of the Canvas, then a mouse down, mouse up, and click all at the center of the Canvas. That may be fine for a button, but is unworkable for a Canvas, where you want to be able to hover, click, etc. at a specific location. The situation is even worse in Safari, where it just produces an exception indicating that mouse move events aren't supported. Chrome, meanwhile, works fine.

Alternative

An work around would be to use the JavascriptExecutor Interface manually dispatching synthesized mouse events using JavaScript.

Taking a leaf out of @FlorentB.'s answer, to scroll a mousewheel up and down, you can emit the mouseover, mousemove and wheel events to the top element with a script injection and you can use the following solution:

• Code Block:

  package demo;
  
  import org.openqa.selenium.By;
  import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;
  import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
  import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException;
  import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
  import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
  import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
  import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
  import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;
  
  public class Canvas {
  
      static WebDriver driver;
      public static void main(String[] args) {
  
          System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "C:\\Utility\\BrowserDrivers\\chromedriver.exe");
          ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
          options.addArguments("start-maximized");
          options.addArguments("disable-infobars");
          options.addArguments("--disable-extensions");
          driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
          driver.get("https://www.google.co.uk/maps");
          WebElement elm = new WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector("#scene > div.widget-scene > canvas")));
          // Mouse wheel UP or Zoom In 
          wheel_element(elm, -500, 0, 0);
          System.out.println("Mouse wheel UP or Zoom In through Wheel achieved !!!");
          // Mouse wheel DOWN or Zoom Out 
          wheel_element(elm, 120, 0, 0);
          System.out.println("Mouse wheel DOWN or Zoom Out through Wheel achieved !!!");
          System.out.println("Mouse Scroll through Wheel achieved !!!");
      }
  
      public static void wheel_element(WebElement element, int deltaY, int offsetX, int offsetY)
      {
          try{
                String script = "var element = arguments[0];"
                  +"var deltaY = arguments[1];"
                  +"var box = element.getBoundingClientRect();"
                  +"var clientX = box.left + (arguments[2] || box.width / 2);"
                  +"var clientY = box.top + (arguments[3] || box.height / 2);"
                  +"var target = element.ownerDocument.elementFromPoint(clientX, clientY);"
                  +"for (var e = target; e; e = e.parentElement) {"
                    +"if (e === element) {"
                  +"target.dispatchEvent(new MouseEvent('mouseover', {view: window, bubbles: true, cancelable: true, clientX: clientX, clientY: clientY}));"
                  +"target.dispatchEvent(new MouseEvent('mousemove', {view: window, bubbles: true, cancelable: true, clientX: clientX, clientY: clientY}));"
                  +"target.dispatchEvent(new WheelEvent('wheel',     {view: window, bubbles: true, cancelable: true, clientX: clientX, clientY: clientY, deltaY: deltaY}));"
                  +"return;"
                    +"}"
                  +"}";  
  
                WebElement parent = (WebElement) ((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript("return arguments[0].parentNode;", element);
                ((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript(script, parent, deltaY, offsetX, offsetY);
              }catch(WebDriverException e)
              {
              System.out.println("Exception caught in Catch block");
              }
      }
  
  }
  

• Console Output:

  Mouse wheel UP or Zoom In through Wheel achieved !!!
  Mouse wheel DOWN or Zoom Out through Wheel achieved !!!
  Mouse Scroll through Wheel achieved !!!
  

Reference

You can find a couple of relevant detailed discussion in:

• How to find the coordinates of the buttons on a canvas, and click on them after using Java and Selenium?