How to use NullTracer class of org.openqa.selenium.remote.tracing.empty package

For sure you can. We use Selenium a lot as an assistant in getting some datas from websites.

When you have a process involving multiple steps, including opening website, login, choosing 54 parameters and need only 1 human interaction (resolving a captcha, for example), Selenium can automate those boring tasks and let the user concentrate on the one which is important.

What we do here, is to make a Swing dialog with an input field to get what the user want to enter, then the actual form submission is performed by Selenium. You can do the same thing with links, and you can ask the user to select a link to click on, and perform the actual click with webdriver.

The ExplicitWait method of Amith is also a good one. You can focus on what you expect after the user has clicked, and wait until this condition is realized

ElementNotInteractableException

ElementNotInteractableException is the W3C exception which is thrown to indicate that although an element is present on the HTML DOM, it is not in a state that can be interacted with.

Reasons & Solutions :

The reason for ElementNotInteractableException to occur can be numerous.

1. Temporary Overlay of other WebElement over the WebElement of our interest :

   In this case, the direct solution would have been to induce ExplicitWait i.e. WebDriverWait in combination with ExpectedCondition as invisibilityOfElementLocated as folllows:

   WebDriverWait wait2 = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);
   wait2.until(ExpectedConditions.invisibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath("xpath_of_element_to_be_invisible")));
   driver.findElement(By.xpath("xpath_element_to_be_clicked")).click();
   

   A better solution will be to get a bit more granular and instead of using ExpectedCondition as invisibilityOfElementLocated we can use ExpectedCondition as elementToBeClickable as follows:

   WebDriverWait wait1 = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);
   WebElement element1 = wait1.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.xpath("xpath_of_element_to_be_clicked")));
   element1.click();
   

2. Permanent Overlay of other WebElement over the WebElement of our interest :

   If the overlay is a permanent one in this case we have to cast the WebDriver instance as JavascriptExecutor and perform the click operation as follows:

   WebElement ele = driver.findElement(By.xpath("element_xpath"));
   JavascriptExecutor executor = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;
   executor.executeScript("arguments[0].click();", ele);
   

I have also implemented the same extending Testng TestListenerAdapter. By capturing the screenshot then attach it to the Testng Report with the image of size height=100 and width=100 with onTestFailure. Please see below if this helps solve your problem

    File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot) WebdriverManager.globalDriverInstance).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
      //Needs Commons IO library
      try {
        FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File(file.getAbsolutePath()+ "/selenium-reports/html/" + result.getName() + ".jpg"));
        Reporter.log("<a href='"+ file.getAbsolutePath()+"/selenium-reports/html/" + result.getName() + ".jpg'> <img src='"+ file.getAbsolutePath()+"/selenium-reports/html/"+ result.getName() + ".jpg' height='100' width='100'/> </a>");
    } catch (IOException e) {
        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    Reporter.setCurrentTestResult(null);

According to this: http://docs.seleniumhq.org/docs/appendix_migrating_from_rc_to_webdriver.jsp

You might be using the browserbot to obtain a handle to the current window or document of the test. Fortunately, WebDriver always evaluates JS in the context of the current window, so you can use “window” or “document” directly.

Alternatively, you might be using the browserbot to locate elements. In WebDriver, the idiom for doing this is to first locate the element, and then pass that as an argument to the Javascript. Thus:

So does the following work in webdriver?

WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
((JavascriptExecutor) driver)
  .executeScript("var s=window.document.createElement('script');\
  s.src='somescript.js';\
  window.document.head.appendChild(s);");

To display the device in landscape mode you can use the following line of code:

descap.setCapability("--main-frame-resizes-are-orientation-changes", "landscape");

Note: Ensure that descap is an instance of ChromeOptions() class.

You should be able to get the text using getText() (for the option element you got using getFirstSelectedOption()):

Select select = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select")));
WebElement option = select.getFirstSelectedOption();
String defaultItem = option.getText();
System.out.println(defaultItem );

First of all lets be clear about what a WebElement is.

A WebElement is a reference to an element in the DOM.

A StaleElementException is thrown when the element you were interacting is destroyed and then recreated. Most complex web pages these days will move things about on the fly as the user interacts with it and this requires elements in the DOM to be destroyed and recreated.

When this happens the reference to the element in the DOM that you previously had becomes stale and you are no longer able to use this reference to interact with the element in the DOM. When this happens you will need to refresh your reference, or in real world terms find the element again.

The driver executable needs to be avaiable physically on node machine. You can set the path to exe while starting the node

Add this line in the command

-Dwebdriver.chrome.driver=./chromedriver.exe

I configure this from json file and found that's little easier

json file with name DefaultNode.json

{
  "capabilities":
      [
        {
          "browserName": "firefox",
          "maxInstances": 5,
          "seleniumProtocol": "WebDriver"
        },
        {
          "browserName": "chrome",
          "maxInstances": 5,
          "seleniumProtocol": "WebDriver"
        },
        {
          "platform": "WINDOWS",
          "browserName": "internet explorer",
          "maxInstances": 1,
          "seleniumProtocol": "WebDriver"
        }
      ],
  "configuration":
  {
    "proxy": "org.openqa.grid.selenium.proxy.DefaultRemoteProxy",
    "maxSession": 5,
    "port": 5555,
    "host": ip,
    "register": true,
    "registerCycle": 5000,
    "hubPort": 4444,
    "hubHost": ip
  }
}

To start the node with json config

java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.45.0.jar -role webdriver -nodeConfig DefaultNode.json -Dwebdriver.ie.driver=.\IEDriverServer.exe

Notice the IEDriverServer.exe is placed in same directory with json file

Use following-sibling axis :

WebElement followingSibling = child.findElement(By.xpath("following-sibling::*"));

List of available axes by MDN, for further reference : Mozilla Developer Network : Axes