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How to use Interface Span class of org.openqa.selenium.remote.tracing package

Best Selenium code snippet using org.openqa.selenium.remote.tracing.Interface Span

1// Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one2// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file3// distributed with this work for additional information4// regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file5// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the6// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance7// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at8//9//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.010//11// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,12// software distributed under the License is distributed on an13// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY14// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the15// specific language governing permissions and limitations16// under the License.17package org.openqa.selenium.remote.tracing;18import io.opentracing.contrib.tracerresolver.TracerResolver;19import io.opentracing.noop.NoopTracerFactory;20import java.util.Map;21import java.util.Objects;22import java.util.function.Function;23/**24 * Represents an entry point for accessing all aspects of distributed tracing.25 */26public interface DistributedTracer {27  static Builder builder() {28    return new Builder();29  }30  /**31   * A distributed trace is made of a series of {@link Span}s, which are either32   * independent or have a parent/child relationship. Creating a span will make33   * it the currently active {@code Span}, as returned by34   * {@link #getActiveSpan()}.35   *36   * @param parent The parent span. If this is {@code null}, then the span is37   *               assumed to be independent.38   */39  Span createSpan(String operation, Span parent);40  /**41   * Create a span from a remote context of some type, which will generally be42   * an {@link org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.HttpRequest}.43   */44  <C> Span createSpan(String operationName, C carrier, Function<C, Map<String, String>> extractor);45  /**46   * Get the currently active span, which may be {@code null}.47   */48  Span getActiveSpan();49  class Builder {50    private DistributedTracer tracer;51    private Builder() {52      // Only accessible through the parent class53      this.tracer = new OpenTracingTracer(NoopTracerFactory.create());54    }55    public Builder use(io.opentracing.Tracer openTracingTracer) {56      Objects.requireNonNull(openTracingTracer, "Tracer must be set.");57      tracer = new OpenTracingTracer(openTracingTracer);58      return this;59    }60    public Builder detect() {61      // Checking the global tracer is futile --- it defaults to a no-op instance.62      try {63        this.tracer = new OpenTracingTracer(TracerResolver.resolveTracer());64      } catch (Throwable e) {65        // Fine. Leave the tracer as it is.66      }67      return this;68    }69    public DistributedTracer build() {70      return tracer;71    }72  }73}...

Source: Span.java

1// Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one2// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file3// distributed with this work for additional information4// regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file5// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the6// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance7// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at8//9//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.010//11// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,12// software distributed under the License is distributed on an13// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY14// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the15// specific language governing permissions and limitations16// under the License.17package org.openqa.selenium.remote.tracing;18import java.io.Closeable;19import java.util.function.BiConsumer;20public interface Span extends Closeable {21  /**22   * Allows subclasses to indicate that this is the currently active span23   */24  Span activate();25  /**26   * Add a piece of metadata to the span, which allows high cardinality data to27   * be added to the span. This data will not be propagated to other spans.28   */29  Span addTag(String key, Object value);30  Span addTag(String key, boolean value);31  Span addTag(String key, Number value);32  void inject(BiConsumer<String, String> forEachField);33  @Override34  void close();35}...

Source: TraceContext.java

1// Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one2// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file3// distributed with this work for additional information4// regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file5// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the6// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance7// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at8//9//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.010//11// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,12// software distributed under the License is distributed on an13// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY14// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the15// specific language governing permissions and limitations16// under the License.17package org.openqa.selenium.remote.tracing;18import java.util.concurrent.Callable;19public interface TraceContext {20  Span createSpan(String name);21  SpanId getId();22  Runnable wrap(Runnable runnable);23  <V> Callable<V> wrap(Callable<V> callable);24}...

Interface Span

Using AI Code Generation

1package com.selenium.test;2import org.openqa.selenium.By;3import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;4import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;5import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;6import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;7import org.openqa.selenium.remote.tracing.Span;8import org.openqa.selenium.remote.tracing.Tracer;9public class SeleniumTest {10	public static void main(String[] args) {11		System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "C:\\Users\\Bhoomi\\Downloads\\chromedriver_win32\\chromedriver.exe");12		WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();13		search.sendKeys("selenium");14		search.sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);15		driver.close();16	}17}

Interface Span

Using AI Code Generation

1public class TraceTest {2    public static void main(String[] args) {3        Tracer tracer = Tracer.builder().build();4        Span span = tracer.spanBuilder("test").startSpan();5        span.addAnnotation("test");6        span.end();7    }8}9  {10    "localEndpoint": {11    },12    "tags": {13    },14      {15      }16  }17Selenium 4: Distributed Tracing (Part 2)18Selenium 4: Distributed Tracing (Part 3)19Selenium 4: Distributed Tracing (Part 4)20Selenium 4: Distributed Tracing (Part 5)21Selenium 4: Distributed Tracing (Part 6)22Selenium 4: Distributed Tracing (Part 7)23Selenium 4: Distributed Tracing (Part 8)

Interface Span

Using AI Code Generation

1import org.openqa.selenium.remote.tracing.Span;2import org.openqa.selenium.remote.tracing.Tracer;3public class TracingExample {4    public static void main(String[] args) {5        Tracer tracer = new Tracer();6        Span span = tracer.spanBuilder("span name").startSpan();7        span.addTag("tag name", "tag value");8    }9}10import io.opentracing.Span;11import io.opentracing.Tracer;12import io.opentracing.util.GlobalTracer;13public class TracingExample {14    public static void main(String[] args) {15        Tracer tracer = GlobalTracer.get();16        Span span = tracer.buildSpan("span name").start();17        span.setTag("tag name", "tag value");18    }19}20import io.opentracing.Span;21import io.opentracing.Tracer;22import io.opentracing.util.GlobalTracer;23public class TracingExample {24    public static void main(String[] args) {25        Tracer tracer = GlobalTracer.get();

Source: Should JPA Entity Manager be closed?

1<build>2    <plugins>3        <plugin>4            <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>5            <configuration>6                <archive>7                    <manifest>8                        <mainClass>class name us.com.test.abc.MyMainClass</mainClass>9                    </manifest>10                </archive>11            </configuration>12        </plugin>13    </plugins>14</build>15

Source: Should JPA Entity Manager be closed?

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
                <archive>
                    <manifest>
                        <mainClass>class name us.com.test.abc.MyMainClass</mainClass>
                    </manifest>
                </archive>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

Source: Android How can I Convert a String to a Editable

1javac HelloWorld.java2

Source: Hashtable, HashMap, HashSet , hash table concept in Java collection framework

1java -classpath ".:./lib/*" com.test.MyClass2

StackOverFlow community discussions

Questions

Discussion

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Even though I'm somewhat late answering the question:

You can now use WebElement.isDisplayed() to check if an element is visible.

Note:

There are many reasons why an element could be invisible. Selenium tries cover most of them, but there are edge cases where it does not work as expected.

For example, isDisplayed() does return false if an element has display: none or opacity: 0, but at least in my test, it does not reliably detect if an element is covered by another due to CSS positioning.

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2646195/how-to-check-if-an-element-is-visible-with-webdriver

You can only wait on an object if you've acquired the lock for it using synchronized.

I don't know whether you're meant to use wait using WebDriver - if you are, you'd need something like:

synchronized (driver)
{
    driver.wait();
}

However, if you're waiting for something to occur, it's more likely that there's an alternative method you're meant to be using. Perhaps WebDriverWait?

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5858743/driver-wait-throws-illegalmonitorstateexception

I believe there's no way to get the real on-screen location of the elements on the page.

I also think the fullscreen mode is your best bet.

That said, I wrote a RobotCalibration class that can detect the real offsets of your current browser. It opens a specially crafted page and uses the Robot class to click on it. The algorithm starts in the center of the browser and then uses bisecting to find the top left corner of the browser viewport.

Tested on IE8 and FF18. Works for both maximized and windowed browsers. Known issue: If you have a top Bookmarks Toolbar enabled, it may click on some of the bookmarks and therefore redirect. It can be handled pretty easily, but I left it up to you if you needed that :).

The testing page:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" onclick="document.getElementById('counter').value++">
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <title>Calibration Test</title>
</head>
<body>
    <img height="1" width="1" style="position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0;"
        onclick="document.getElementById('done').value = 'yep'" />
    <input type="text" id="counter" value="0" />
    <input type="text" id="done" value="nope" />
</body>
</html>

The RobotCalibration class. It's a little bit long, so I suggest you to copypaste it into your favourite IDE and explore it there:

import java.awt.AWTException;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Point;
import java.awt.Robot;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.event.InputEvent;
import java.nio.file.Paths;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;

public class RobotCalibration {

    public static Point calibrate(WebDriver driver) {
        return new RobotCalibration(driver).calibrate();
    }

    /** Time for which to wait for the page response. */
    private static final long TIMEOUT = 1000;

    private final WebDriver driver;
    private final Robot r;

    private final Point browserCenter;
    private int leftX;
    private int rightX;
    private int midX;
    private int topY;
    private int bottomY;
    private int midY;

    private RobotCalibration(WebDriver driver) {
        this.driver = driver;
        try {
            driver.manage().window().getSize();
        } catch (UnsupportedOperationException headlessBrowserException) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Calibrating a headless browser makes no sense.", headlessBrowserException);
        }

        try {
            this.r = new Robot();
        } catch (AWTException headlessEnvironmentException) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Robot won't work on headless environments.", headlessEnvironmentException);
        }

        Dimension screenSize = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize();
        org.openqa.selenium.Dimension browserSize = driver.manage().window().getSize();
        org.openqa.selenium.Point browserPos = driver.manage().window().getPosition();

        // a maximized browser returns negative position
        // a maximized browser returns size larger than actual screen size
        // you can't click outside the screen
        leftX = Math.max(0, browserPos.x);
        rightX = Math.min(leftX + browserSize.width, screenSize.width - 1);
        midX = (leftX + rightX) /2;

        topY = Math.max(0, browserPos.y);
        bottomY = Math.min(topY + browserSize.height, screenSize.height - 1);
        midY = (topY + bottomY) /2;

        browserCenter = new Point(midX, midY);
    }

    private Point calibrate() {
        driver.get(Paths.get("files/RobotCalibration.html").toUri().toString());

        // find left border
        while (leftX < rightX) {
            click(midX, midY);
            if (clickWasSuccessful()) {
                rightX = midX;
            } else {
                leftX = midX + 1;
                // close any menu we could have opened
                click(browserCenter.x, browserCenter.y);
            }
            midX = (leftX + rightX) /2;
        }

        // find top border
        while (topY < bottomY) {
            click(midX, midY);
            if (clickWasSuccessful()) {
                bottomY = midY;
            } else {
                topY = midY + 1;
                // close any menu we could have opened
                click(browserCenter.x, browserCenter.y);
            }
            midY = (topY + bottomY) /2;
        }

        if (!isCalibrated()) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Couldn't calibrate the Robot.");
        }
        return new Point(midX, midY);
    }

    /** clicks on the specified location */
    private void click(int x, int y) {
        r.mouseMove(x, y);
        r.mousePress(InputEvent.BUTTON1_DOWN_MASK);
        r.mouseRelease(InputEvent.BUTTON1_DOWN_MASK);

        // for some reason, my IE8 can't properly register clicks that are close
        // to each other faster than click every half a second
        if (driver instanceof InternetExplorerDriver) {
            sleep(500);
        }
    }

    private static void sleep(int millis) {
        try {
            Thread.sleep(millis);
        } catch (InterruptedException ignored) {
            // nothing to do
        }
    }

    private int counter = 0;
    /** @return whether the click on a page was successful */
    private boolean clickWasSuccessful() {
        counter++;

        long targetTime = System.currentTimeMillis() + TIMEOUT;
        while (System.currentTimeMillis() < targetTime) {
            int pageCounter = Integer.parseInt(driver.findElement(By.id("counter")).getAttribute("value"));
            if (counter == pageCounter) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    /** @return whether the top left corner has already been clicked at */
    private boolean isCalibrated() {
        long targetTime = System.currentTimeMillis() + TIMEOUT;
        while (System.currentTimeMillis() < targetTime) {
            if (driver.findElement(By.id("done")).getAttribute("value").equals("yep")) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

}

Sample usage:

WebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();
Point p = RobotCalibration.calibrate(driver);
System.out.println("Left offset: " + p.x + ", top offset: " + p.y);
driver.quit();

Feel free to ask any questions if something is unclear.

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14655581/selenium-webdriver-and-html-window-location-by-using-java

If quit() has been called, driver.toString() returns null:

>>> FirefoxDriver: firefox on XP (null))

Otherwise, it returns a hashcode of the object:

>>> FirefoxDriver: firefox on XP (9f897f52-3a13-40d4-800b-7dec26a0c84d)

so you could check for null when assigning a boolean:

boolean hasQuit = driver.toString().contains("(null)");

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18619121/in-java-best-way-to-check-if-selenium-webdriver-has-quit

You can use the findElements method to find all the matched element and then iterate the loop for only the matched element. findElements method will find all the matched elements based on the locator.

Please check the modified code

//It will match all the product name based on the xpath (index alone needs to be removed from your index)
      List<WebElement> element = driver.findElements(By.xpath("(//td[@data-id='product_name'])"));

        int size=element.size();

        for(int i=0;i<size;i++){
            productsInOrder.add(element.get(i).getText()); 
        }

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/50527577/how-to-refactor-for-loop-method-to-break-when-there-are-no-elements

This should select the element you want

./ancestor::div[contains(concat(' ', @class, ' '), ' x-grid-view ')][1]

In plain English: Of all the ancestor div elements that have ' x-grid-view ' in their class, select the first (closest) one.

Notes:

I concat spaces as a defensive measure to prevent partial matches.
current() is an XSLT function, not an XPath one. It has no meaning outside of XSLT. The current node is expressed as . in XPath.

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10076618/xpath-to-find-ancestor-node-containing-css-class

Given you have maven tag my expectation is that your project is being managed by Maven hence built by Maven Compiler Plugin so your IDE language level settings might derive from what is defined in the pom.xml

I would recommend setting project language level in:

Maven pom.xml file like:

<properties>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>

In Idea on Project Properties page you can choose the Language Level for each module

More information:

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/57325504/error-java-cannot-access-java-util-function-function-while-trying-to-use-w

Try setting an implicit wait of maybe 10 seconds.

gmail.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

Or set an explicit wait. An explicit waits is code you define to wait for a certain condition to occur before proceeding further in the code. In your case, it is the visibility of the password input field. (Thanks to ainlolcat's comment)

WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(gmail, 10);
WebElement element = wait.until(
    ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id("Passwd")));
gmail.findElement(By.id("Passwd")).sendKeys("xyz");

Explanation: The reason selenium can't find the element is because the id of the password input field is initially Passwd-hidden. After you click on the "Next" button, Google first verifies the email address entered and then shows the password input field (by changing the id from Passwd-hidden to Passwd). So, when the password field is still hidden (i.e. Google is still verifying the email id), your webdriver starts searching for the password input field with id Passwd which is still hidden. And hence, an exception is thrown.

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/33318653/gmail-login-fail-using-selenium-webdriver-showing-element-not-found-for-passwor

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