How to use pathExtension class of org.openqa.selenium.firefox package

Try this

import java.awt.Robot;

And use

Robot r = new Robot();
r.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);
r.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);

This will press Enter Programatically.

Java String(s) can't be done in single quotes. This,

By.cssSelector('[data-testing-id="data-id1"]')

Should be (escaping the double quotes),

By.cssSelector("[data-testing-id=\"data-id1\"]")

or with single quotes inside the double quotes, like

By.cssSelector("[data-testing-id='data-id1']")

I could notice that you haven't closed your InputStream. If you do not close the stream, file will be locked until inputstream has been closed or JVM is shutdown.

So probably, the easiest thing in your context above is to auto-close by using a try-with-resources construct as,

try (FileInputStream inp = new FileInputStream(workbookPath)) {
    tempWB = (org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook) new HSSFWorkbook(new POIFSFileSystem(inp)); 
} catch (Exception e) {
    Log.error("Class Utils | Method setExcelFile | Exception desc : "+ e.getMessage());
}

Hope it helps you. :)

How to get border color or other css values look in Computed there are all values that you can get:

getCssValue("border-bottom-color")

returns rgba(209, 219, 223, 1) and need to clear it (this will work for rgba and rgb):

String rgb[] = driver.findElement(By.name("login[email]")).getCssValue("border-bottom-color").replaceAll("(rgba)|(rgb)|(\\()|(\\s)|(\\))","").split(",");

Now our rgb is in array using this method to parse it

String hex = String.format("#%s%s%s", toBrowserHexValue(Integer.parseInt(rgb[0])), toBrowserHexValue(Integer.parseInt(rgb[1])), toBrowserHexValue(Integer.parseInt(rgb[2])));

private static String toBrowserHexValue(int number) {
        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(Integer.toHexString(number & 0xff));
        while (builder.length() < 2) {
            builder.append("0");
        }
        return builder.toString().toUpperCase();
    }

From this rgba(209, 219, 223, 1) we got this #D1DBDF

P.S. Source of parsing int rgb to hex

UPDATED POST 05-30-2021

This is the hardest question that I have every tried to answer on Stack Overflow. Because it involved the interactions of several code bases written in multiple languages (Java, Rust and C++). This complexity made the question potentially unsolvable.

My last crack at this likely unsolvable question:

Within the code in your question you are modifying the file user.js This file is still used by Selenium.

public FirefoxProfile() {
    this(null);
  }

  /**
   * Constructs a firefox profile from an existing profile directory.
   * <p>
   * Users who need this functionality should consider using a named profile.
   *
   * @param profileDir The profile directory to use as a model.
   */
  public FirefoxProfile(File profileDir) {
    this(null, profileDir);
  }

  @Beta
  protected FirefoxProfile(Reader defaultsReader, File profileDir) {
    if (defaultsReader == null) {
      defaultsReader = onlyOverrideThisIfYouKnowWhatYouAreDoing();
    }

    additionalPrefs = new Preferences(defaultsReader);

    model = profileDir;
    verifyModel(model);

    File prefsInModel = new File(model, "user.js");
    if (prefsInModel.exists()) {
      StringReader reader = new StringReader("{\"frozen\": {}, \"mutable\": {}}");
      Preferences existingPrefs = new Preferences(reader, prefsInModel);
      acceptUntrustedCerts = getBooleanPreference(existingPrefs, ACCEPT_UNTRUSTED_CERTS_PREF, true);
      untrustedCertIssuer = getBooleanPreference(existingPrefs, ASSUME_UNTRUSTED_ISSUER_PREF, true);
      existingPrefs.addTo(additionalPrefs);
    } else {
      acceptUntrustedCerts = true;
      untrustedCertIssuer = true;
    }

    // This is not entirely correct but this is not stored in the profile
    // so for now will always be set to false.
    loadNoFocusLib = false;

    try {
      defaultsReader.close();
    } catch (IOException e) {
      throw new WebDriverException(e);
    }
  }

So in theory you should be able to modify capabilities.rs in the geckodriver source code. That file contains the temp_dir.

As I stated this in only a theory, because when I looked at the Firefox source, which has temp_dir spread throughout the code base.

ORIGINAL POST 05-26-2021

I'm not sure that you can prevent Selenium from creating a temporary Firefox Profile.

From the gecko documents:

"Profiles are created in the systems temporary folder. This is also where the encoded profile is extracted when profile is provided. By default geckodriver will create a new profile in this location."

The only solution that I see at the moment would require you modify the Geckodriver source files to prevent the creation of temporary folders/profiles.

I'm currently looking at the source. These files might be the correct ones, but I need to look at the source more:

• https://searchfox.org/mozilla-central/source/browser/app/profile/firefox.js

• https://searchfox.org/mozilla-central/source/testing/mozbase/mozprofile/mozprofile/profile.py

Here are some other files that need to be combed through:

https://searchfox.org/mozilla-central/search?q=tempfile&path=

This looks promising:

https://searchfox.org/mozilla-central/source/testing/geckodriver/doc/Profiles.md

"geckodriver uses [profiles] to instrument Firefox’ behaviour. The user will usually rely on geckodriver to generate a temporary, throwaway profile. These profiles are deleted when the WebDriver session expires.

In cases where the user needs to use custom, prepared profiles, geckodriver will make modifications to the profile that ensures correct behaviour. See [Automation preferences] below on the precedence of user-defined preferences in this case.

Custom profiles can be provided two different ways:

1. by appending --profile /some/location to the [args capability], which will instruct geckodriver to use the profile in-place;

I found this question on trying to do this: how do I use an existing profile in-place with Selenium Webdriver?

Also here is an issue that was raised in selenium on Github concerning the temp directory. https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/issues/8645

Looking through the source of geckodriver v0.29.1 I found a file where the profile is loaded.

source: capabilities.rs

   fn load_profile(options: &Capabilities) -> WebDriverResult<Option<Profile>> {
        if let Some(profile_json) = options.get("profile") {
            let profile_base64 = profile_json.as_str().ok_or_else(|| {
                WebDriverError::new(ErrorStatus::InvalidArgument, "Profile is not a string")
            })?;
            let profile_zip = &*base64::decode(profile_base64)?;

            // Create an emtpy profile directory
            let profile = Profile::new()?;
            unzip_buffer(
                profile_zip,
                profile
                    .temp_dir
                    .as_ref()
                    .expect("Profile doesn't have a path")
                    .path(),
            )?;

            Ok(Some(profile))
        } else {
            Ok(None)
        }
    }

source: marionette.rs

    fn start_browser(&mut self, port: u16, options: FirefoxOptions) -> WebDriverResult<()> {
        let binary = options.binary.ok_or_else(|| {
            WebDriverError::new(
                ErrorStatus::SessionNotCreated,
                "Expected browser binary location, but unable to find \
             binary in default location, no \
             'moz:firefoxOptions.binary' capability provided, and \
             no binary flag set on the command line",
            )
        })?;

        let is_custom_profile = options.profile.is_some();

        let mut profile = match options.profile {
            Some(x) => x,
            None => Profile::new()?,
        };

        self.set_prefs(port, &mut profile, is_custom_profile, options.prefs)
            .map_err(|e| {
                WebDriverError::new(
                    ErrorStatus::SessionNotCreated,
                    format!("Failed to set preferences: {}", e),
                )
            })?;

        let mut runner = FirefoxRunner::new(&binary, profile);

        runner.arg("--marionette");
        if self.settings.jsdebugger {
            runner.arg("--jsdebugger");
        }
        if let Some(args) = options.args.as_ref() {
            runner.args(args);
        }

        // https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Environment_variables_affecting_crash_reporting
        runner
            .env("MOZ_CRASHREPORTER", "1")
            .env("MOZ_CRASHREPORTER_NO_REPORT", "1")
            .env("MOZ_CRASHREPORTER_SHUTDOWN", "1");

        let browser_proc = runner.start().map_err(|e| {
            WebDriverError::new(
                ErrorStatus::SessionNotCreated,
                format!("Failed to start browser {}: {}", binary.display(), e),
            )
        })?;
        self.browser = Some(Browser::Host(browser_proc));

        Ok(())
    }

    pub fn set_prefs(
        &self,
        port: u16,
        profile: &mut Profile,
        custom_profile: bool,
        extra_prefs: Vec<(String, Pref)>,
    ) -> WebDriverResult<()> {
        let prefs = profile.user_prefs().map_err(|_| {
            WebDriverError::new(
                ErrorStatus::UnknownError,
                "Unable to read profile preferences file",
            )
        })?;

        for &(ref name, ref value) in prefs::DEFAULT.iter() {
            if !custom_profile || !prefs.contains_key(name) {
                prefs.insert((*name).to_string(), (*value).clone());
            }
        }

        prefs.insert_slice(&extra_prefs[..]);

        if self.settings.jsdebugger {
            prefs.insert("devtools.browsertoolbox.panel", Pref::new("jsdebugger"));
            prefs.insert("devtools.debugger.remote-enabled", Pref::new(true));
            prefs.insert("devtools.chrome.enabled", Pref::new(true));
            prefs.insert("devtools.debugger.prompt-connection", Pref::new(false));
        }

        prefs.insert("marionette.log.level", logging::max_level().into());
        prefs.insert("marionette.port", Pref::new(port));

        prefs.write().map_err(|e| {
            WebDriverError::new(
                ErrorStatus::UnknownError,
                format!("Unable to write Firefox profile: {}", e),
            )
        })
    }
}

After looking through the gecko source it looks like mozprofile::profile::Profile is coming from FireFox and not geckodriver

It seems that you might have issues with profiles when you migrate to Selenium 4.

ref: https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/selenium/issues/9417

For Selenium 4 we have deprecated the use of profiles as there are other mechanisms that we can do to make the start up faster. Please use the Options class to set preferences that you need and if you need to use an addon use the driver.install_addon("path/to/addon") you can install selenium 4, which is in beta, via pip install selenium --pre

I noted in your code you were writing to user.js, which is a custom file for FireFox. Have you considered creating on these files manually outside of Gecko?

Also have you looked at mozprofile?

Use HTTP requests if you just want to make calls (i.e. to REST services). Use selenium (or other web automation tools) if you need to simulate browser behaviour (i.e. run javascript in the page). HTTP is generally preferable if you have the option - services are more stable than page structure (particularly if there's a published interface) and are more oftened designed to be machine-readable. Web pages are designed for humans using web browsers, so they can change frequently, and adds a lot of overhead which doesn't make sense in a machine interface.

So, I'd suggest - look through the sequence of user actions you're trying to automate. If you can express those as a simple sequence of HTTP requests, I'd do it that way. If you need to run client-side javascript, or use other browser functionality, use selenium.

ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

If you use ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); the ChromeDriver instance which will get created through that we will be only able to invoke and act on the methods implemented by ChromeDriver and supported by Chrome Browser only. To act with other browsers we have to specifically create individual objects as below :

• FirefoxDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
• InternetExplorerDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();

WebDriver Interface

From Selenium perspective, the WebDriver Interface is similar like a agreement which the 3rd party Browser Vendors like Mozilla, Chrome, Internet Explorer, Safari, etc have to adhere and implement the same. This would in-turn help the end-users to use the exposed APIs to write a common code and implement the functionalities across all the available browsers without any change.

WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

Through WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); we are creating an instance of the WebDriver interface and casting it to ChromeDriver class. All the browser drivers like:

• FirefoxDriver
• ChromeDriver
• InternetExplorerDriver
• PhantomJSDriver
• SafariDriver etc

implemented the WebDriver interface (actually the RemoteWebDriver class implements WebDriver Interface and the Browser Drivers extends RemoteWebDriver). So if we use WebDriver driver, then we can use the already initialized driver (as common object variable) for all browsers we want to automate e.g. Mozilla, Chrome, InternetExplorer, Edge, Opera, Safari as follows:

WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
// or
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
// or
WebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();
// or
WebDriver driver = new EdgeDriver();
// or
WebDriver driver = new OperaDriver();
// or
WebDriver driver = new SafariDriver();

Trivia

As per current scenario, we have to instantiate the implementations of WebDriver Interface directly. As per the current practice we write our Automated Test Script against this interface so that in future we may swap in a more fully featured Browser when there is a requirement for one.

The visibilityOfElmementLocated checks to see if the element is present and also visible. To check visibility it makes sure the element has a height and width greater than 0.

The presenceOfElementLocated just checks the dom to see if it can locate an element no matter its visibility.

Source: https://selenium.googlecode.com/git/docs/api/java/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/ExpectedConditions.html#visibilityOf-org.openqa.selenium.WebElement-

visibilityOf public static ExpectedCondition visibilityOf(WebElement element) An expectation for checking that an element, known to be present on the DOM of a page, is visible. Visibility means that the element is not only displayed but also has a height and width that is greater than 0. Parameters:

Check this post, I wrote code to get an absolute XPath.

public static String getAbsoluteXPath(WebElement element)
{
    return (String) ((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript(
            "function absoluteXPath(element) {"+
                    "var comp, comps = [];"+
                    "var parent = null;"+
                    "var xpath = '';"+
                    "var getPos = function(element) {"+
                    "var position = 1, curNode;"+
                    "if (element.nodeType == Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE) {"+
                    "return null;"+
                    "}"+
                    "for (curNode = element.previousSibling; curNode; curNode = curNode.previousSibling) {"+
                    "if (curNode.nodeName == element.nodeName) {"+
                    "++position;"+
                    "}"+
                    "}"+
                    "return position;"+
                    "};"+

                    "if (element instanceof Document) {"+
                    "return '/';"+
                    "}"+

                    "for (; element && !(element instanceof Document); element = element.nodeType == Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE ? element.ownerElement : element.parentNode) {"+
                    "comp = comps[comps.length] = {};"+
                    "switch (element.nodeType) {"+
                    "case Node.TEXT_NODE:"+
                    "comp.name = 'text()';"+
                    "break;"+
                    "case Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE:"+
                    "comp.name = '@' + element.nodeName;"+
                    "break;"+
                    "case Node.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE:"+
                    "comp.name = 'processing-instruction()';"+
                    "break;"+
                    "case Node.COMMENT_NODE:"+
                    "comp.name = 'comment()';"+
                    "break;"+
                    "case Node.ELEMENT_NODE:"+
                    "comp.name = element.nodeName;"+
                    "break;"+
                    "}"+
                    "comp.position = getPos(element);"+
                    "}"+

                    "for (var i = comps.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {"+
                    "comp = comps[i];"+
                    "xpath += '/' + comp.name.toLowerCase();"+
                    "if (comp.position !== null) {"+
                    "xpath += '[' + comp.position + ']';"+
                    "}"+
                    "}"+

                    "return xpath;"+

                    "} return absoluteXPath(arguments[0]);", element);
}