KaneAI - World’s First E2E Software Testing Agent.Book a Demo Join TestMu Conference

How to use InvalidElementStateException class of org.openqa.selenium package

Best Selenium code snippet using org.openqa.selenium.InvalidElementStateException

InvalidElementStateException `org.openqa.selenium.interactions.InvalidElementStateException`

InvalidElementStateException thrown when any command/action that can't be performed due to invalid state of an element.

It usally happens by performing clear action that isn't editable or resettable.

Example

The code snippet trying to find an element and then clicking on it. if the coordinates are not correct then it throws InvalidElementStateException


1public  static  void  main(String[]  args)  {
2
3WebDriver driver=new  ChromeDriver();
4
5driver.get("http://example.com");
6
7// if the element is disable and we try to click on it then it throws InvalidElementStateException
8driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='sb_ifc0']")).sendKeys("calculator");
9}

Solutions

Check element state before doing operation on element
Use JavaScript Executor to set value of disable element


1JavascriptExecutor jse  =  (JavascriptExecutor)  driver;
2
3jse.executeScript("document.getElementById('password').value = 'pass';");

Code Snippets

Here are code snippets that can help you understand more how developers are using

Source:BrowserActions.java

2import java.util.List;3import org.openqa.selenium.By;4import org.openqa.selenium.ElementClickInterceptedException;5import org.openqa.selenium.ElementNotInteractableException;6import org.openqa.selenium.InvalidElementStateException;7import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptException;8import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;9import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;10import org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException;11import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException;12import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;13import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;14import base.BaseClass;15public class BrowserActions extends BaseClass implements IBrowserActions{16	public BrowserActions() {17			this.driver = getDriver();18	}19	public WebElement locateElement(String locator, String locValue) {20		try {21			22			switch (locator.toLowerCase()) {23			case "id": return driver.findElement(By.id(locValue));24			case "name": return driver.findElement(By.name(locValue));25			case "class": return driver.findElement(By.className(locValue));26			case "link" : return driver.findElement(By.linkText(locValue));27			case "xpath": return driver.findElement(By.xpath(locValue));	28			default:29				break;30			}31		} catch (NoSuchElementException e) {32			e.printStackTrace();33		} catch (WebDriverException e) {34			e.printStackTrace();35		}36		return null;37	}38	39	public List<WebElement> locateElements(String type, String value) {40		try {41			switch(type.toLowerCase()) {42			case "id": return driver.findElementsById(value);43			case "name": return driver.findElementsByName(value);44			case "class": return driver.findElementsByClassName(value);45			case "link": return driver.findElementsByLinkText(value);46			case "xpath": return driver.findElementsByXPath(value);47			}48		} catch (WebDriverException e) {49			e.printStackTrace();50		}51		return null;52	}53	54	55	public void type(WebElement ele, String data) {56		try {57			webDriverWait4VisibilityOfEle(ele);58			ele.clear();59			ele.sendKeys(data);60		} catch (InvalidElementStateException e) {61			e.printStackTrace();62		} catch (WebDriverException e) {63			e.printStackTrace();64		}65	}66	67	public void typeAndEnter(WebElement ele, String data) throws InterruptedException {68		try {69			webDriverWait4VisibilityOfEle(ele);70			ele.clear();71			ele.sendKeys(data);72			Thread.sleep(1000);73			ele.sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);74		} catch (InvalidElementStateException e) {75			e.printStackTrace();76		} catch (WebDriverException e) {77			e.printStackTrace();78		}79	}80	81	public void click(WebElement ele) {82		try {83			webDriverWait4ElementToBeClickable(ele);84			ele.click();85		} catch (InvalidElementStateException e) {86			e.printStackTrace();87		} catch (WebDriverException e) {88			e.printStackTrace();89		} 90	}91	92	public void clickByJS(WebElement ele) {93		JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;94		try {95			js.executeScript("arguments[0].click();", ele);96		} catch (JavascriptException e) {97			e.printStackTrace();98		} catch (WebDriverException e) {99			e.printStackTrace();100		} 101	}102	103	public void clickByActions(WebElement ele) {104		Actions actions = new Actions(driver);105		try {106			actions.moveToElement(ele).click().perform();107		} catch (ElementClickInterceptedException e) {108			e.printStackTrace();109		} catch (ElementNotInteractableException e) {110			e.printStackTrace();111		} catch (WebDriverException e) {112			e.printStackTrace();113		} 114	}115	116	public void sendkeysUsingActions(WebElement ele, Keys keyVal) {117		try {118			Actions actions = new Actions(driver);119			actions.sendKeys(keyVal).perform();120		} catch (InvalidElementStateException e) {121			e.printStackTrace();122		} catch (WebDriverException e) {123			e.printStackTrace();124		}125	}126	127	public String getText(WebElement ele) {	128		String bReturn = "";129		try {130			webDriverWait4VisibilityOfEle(ele);131			bReturn = ele.getText();132		} catch (WebDriverException e) {133			e.printStackTrace();134		}...

Source:WebPageActions.java

1package ru.sbtqa.tag.pagefactory.web.actions;2import org.openqa.selenium.InvalidElementStateException;3import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;4import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;5import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;6import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;7import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;8import org.slf4j.Logger;9import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;10import ru.sbtqa.tag.pagefactory.actions.PageActions;11import ru.sbtqa.tag.pagefactory.environment.Environment;12import ru.sbtqa.tag.pagefactory.web.utils.WebWait;13public class WebPageActions implements PageActions {14    private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(WebPageActions.class);15    @Override16    public void fill(Object element, String text) {17        WebElement webElement = (WebElement) element;18        click(webElement);19        if (null != text) {20            clear(webElement);21        }22        webElement.sendKeys(text);23    }24    public void clear(Object element) {25        WebElement webElement = (WebElement) element;26        try {27            webElement.clear();28        } catch (InvalidElementStateException | NullPointerException e) {29            LOG.debug("Failed to clear web element {}", webElement, e);30        }31    }32    @Override33    public void click(Object element) {34        WebElement webElement = (WebElement) element;35        WebWait.visibility(webElement);36        webElement.click();37    }38    @Override39    public void press(Object element, String keyName) {40        WebElement webElement = (WebElement) element;41        Actions actions = new Actions((WebDriver) Environment.getDriverService().getDriver());42        if (null != webElement) {...

Source:MESSupervisorExperientialDemoTest.java

1package com.yourcompany.Tests;2import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;3import com.yourcompany.Pages.ExperientialDemoPage;4import com.yourcompany.CustomObjects.ExperientialDemoForm;5import org.openqa.selenium.InvalidElementStateException;6import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;7import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;8import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;9import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;10import org.testng.Assert;11import java.lang.reflect.Method;12import java.net.MalformedURLException;13import java.rmi.UnexpectedException;14import java.util.UUID;15public class MESSupervisorExperientialDemoTest extends TestBase {16    /**17     * Runs a simple test verifying search function.18     * @throws InvalidElementStateException19     */20    @org.testng.annotations.Test(dataProvider = "hardCodedBrowsers")21    public void MESSupervisorExperientialDemoTest(String browser, String version, String os, Method method)22            throws MalformedURLException, InvalidElementStateException, UnexpectedException {23        this.createDriver(browser, version, os, method.getName());24        WebDriver driver = this.getWebDriver();25        this.annotate("Visiting  page...");26        //ExperientialDemoPage page = ExperientialDemoPage.visitPage(driver);         27        ExperientialDemoPage page = new ExperientialDemoPage(driver, "https://www.ge.com/digital/lp/explore-ge-digitals-mes-software-demo");28        if(page.acceptCookies()) {29            this.annotate("Accepting cookies.");30        }31        if(page.closeDriftChat()) {32            this.annotate("Closing Drift chat.");33        }      34        this.annotate("Setting form field values");35        ExperientialDemoForm theForm = new ExperientialDemoForm(driver, 4671, true, "demoPersonaMES", "Supervisor");36        theForm.setRedirectBehavior(true);...

Source:MESOperatorExperientialDemoTest.java

1package com.yourcompany.Tests;2import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;3import com.yourcompany.Pages.ExperientialDemoPage;4import com.yourcompany.CustomObjects.ExperientialDemoForm;5import org.openqa.selenium.InvalidElementStateException;6import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;7import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;8import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;9import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;10import org.testng.Assert;11import java.lang.reflect.Method;12import java.net.MalformedURLException;13import java.rmi.UnexpectedException;14import java.util.UUID;15public class MESOperatorExperientialDemoTest extends TestBase {16    /**17     * Runs a simple test verifying search function.18     * @throws InvalidElementStateException19     */20    @org.testng.annotations.Test(dataProvider = "hardCodedBrowsers")21    public void MESOperatorExperientialDemoTest(String browser, String version, String os, Method method)22            throws MalformedURLException, InvalidElementStateException, UnexpectedException {23        this.createDriver(browser, version, os, method.getName());24        WebDriver driver = this.getWebDriver();25        this.annotate("Visiting  page...");26        //ExperientialDemoPage page = ExperientialDemoPage.visitPage(driver);         27        ExperientialDemoPage page = new ExperientialDemoPage(driver, "https://www.ge.com/digital/lp/explore-ge-digitals-mes-software-demo");28        if(page.acceptCookies()) {29            this.annotate("Accepting cookies.");30        }31        if(page.closeDriftChat()) {32            this.annotate("Closing Drift chat.");33        }      34        this.annotate("Setting form field values");35        ExperientialDemoForm theForm = new ExperientialDemoForm(driver, 4671, true, "demoPersonaMES", "Operator");36        theForm.setRedirectBehavior(true);...

Source:APMOperatorExperientialDemoTest.java

1package com.yourcompany.Tests;2import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;3import com.yourcompany.Pages.ExperientialDemoPage;4import com.yourcompany.CustomObjects.ExperientialDemoForm;5import org.openqa.selenium.InvalidElementStateException;6import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;7import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;8import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;9import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;10import org.testng.Assert;11import java.lang.reflect.Method;12import java.net.MalformedURLException;13import java.rmi.UnexpectedException;14import java.util.UUID;15public class APMOperatorExperientialDemoTest extends TestBase {16    /**17     * Runs a simple test verifying search function.18     * @throws InvalidElementStateException19     */20    @org.testng.annotations.Test(dataProvider = "hardCodedBrowsers")21    public void APMOperatorExperientialDemoTest(String browser, String version, String os, Method method)22            throws MalformedURLException, InvalidElementStateException, UnexpectedException {23        this.createDriver(browser, version, os, method.getName());24        WebDriver driver = this.getWebDriver();25        this.annotate("Visiting  page...");26        //ExperientialDemoPage page = ExperientialDemoPage.visitPage(driver,"https://www.ge.com/digital/lp/apm-demo");         27        ExperientialDemoPage page = new ExperientialDemoPage(driver, "https://www.ge.com/digital/lp/apm-demo");28        if(page.acceptCookies()) {29            this.annotate("Accepting cookies.");30        }31        if(page.closeDriftChat()) {32            this.annotate("Closing Drift chat.");33        }34        35        this.annotate("Setting form field values");36        ExperientialDemoForm theForm = new ExperientialDemoForm(driver, 4671, true, "demoPersona", "Operator");...

Source:APMExecutiveExperientialDemoTest.java

1package com.yourcompany.Tests;2import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;3import com.yourcompany.Pages.ExperientialDemoPage;4import com.yourcompany.CustomObjects.ExperientialDemoForm;5import org.openqa.selenium.InvalidElementStateException;6import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;7import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;8import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;9import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;10import org.testng.Assert;11import java.lang.reflect.Method;12import java.net.MalformedURLException;13import java.rmi.UnexpectedException;14import java.util.UUID;15public class APMExecutiveExperientialDemoTest extends TestBase {16    /**17     * Runs a simple test verifying search function.18     * @throws InvalidElementStateException19     */20    @org.testng.annotations.Test(dataProvider = "hardCodedBrowsers")21    public void APMExecutiveExperientialDemoTest(String browser, String version, String os, Method method)22            throws MalformedURLException, InvalidElementStateException, UnexpectedException {23        this.createDriver(browser, version, os, method.getName());24        WebDriver driver = this.getWebDriver();25        this.annotate("Visiting  page...");26        //ExperientialDemoPage page = ExperientialDemoPage.visitPage(driver);         27        ExperientialDemoPage page = new ExperientialDemoPage(driver, "https://www.ge.com/digital/lp/apm-demo");28        if(page.acceptCookies()) {29            this.annotate("Accepting cookies.");30        }31        if(page.closeDriftChat()) {32            this.annotate("Closing Drift chat.");33        }      34        this.annotate("Setting form field values");35        ExperientialDemoForm theForm = new ExperientialDemoForm(driver, 4671, true, "demoPersona", "Executive");36        theForm.setRedirectBehavior(true);...

Source:LoginValidUser.java

...6import org.openqa.selenium.html5.Location;7import org.openqa.selenium.html5.LocationContext;8import org.testng.annotations.Test;9import org.testng.AssertJUnit;10import org.openqa.selenium.InvalidElementStateException;11import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;12import com.swaglabs.Pages.InventoryPage;13import com.swaglabs.Pages.LoginPage;14import java.lang.reflect.Method;15import java.net.MalformedURLException;16import java.rmi.UnexpectedException;17import java.util.HashMap;18import java.util.Map;192021/**22 * Created by Shadab Siddiqui on 11/21/18.23 */2425public class LoginValidUser extends TestBase {2627    /**28     * Runs a simple test verifying Sign In.29     *30     * @throws InvalidElementStateException31     * @throws InterruptedException32     */33    @Test(dataProvider = "hardCodedBrowsers")34    public void LoginValidUserTest(String browser, String version, String os, Method method)35        throws MalformedURLException, InvalidElementStateException, UnexpectedException, InterruptedException {3637        this.createDriver(browser, version, os, method.getName());38        WebDriver driver = this.getWebDriver();39        JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;40        js.executeScript("/*@visual.init*/", "LoginValidUser");4142        this.annotate("Visiting Swag Labs Login page...");43        LoginPage page = LoginPage.visitPage(driver);4445        this.annotate("Greet Sign In To Swag Labs Page...");4647        this.annotate("Disable log to hide text password");48        this.stopLog();49        InventoryPage inventory = page.enterCredentials("performance_glitch_user", "secret_sauce");
...

Source:IsDisplayed_For_Static_Elements.java

1package validationcommands;23import org.openqa.selenium.By;4import org.openqa.selenium.ElementNotVisibleException;5import org.openqa.selenium.InvalidElementStateException;6import org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException;7import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;8import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;9import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;101112public class IsDisplayed_For_Static_Elements 13{1415	public static void main(String[] args) 16	{17		18		WebDriver driver=new ChromeDriver();19		driver.get("http://gmail.com/");20		driver.manage().window().maximize();21		22		23		//Identify Email Editbox24		WebElement Email_eb=driver.findElement(By.id("identifierId"));25		26		if(Email_eb.isDisplayed() && Email_eb.isEnabled())27		{28			Email_eb.clear();29			Email_eb.sendKeys("qadarshan@gmail.com");30		}31		else32		{33			System.out.println("Element not visible or enabled");34		}35		36		37		38	39		40		/*41		 * ElementNotvisibleException     42		 * InvalidElementstateException43		 */44		45		46		47		//click Next button48		49		50		try {51			52			WebElement Next_btn=driver.findElement(By.xpath("//h10"));53			Next_btn.click();54			55		} catch (NoSuchElementException e) 56		{57			System.out.println(e.getMessage());58			59		} catch (ElementNotVisibleException e) 60		{61			System.out.println(e.getMessage());62		}63		catch (InvalidElementStateException e) 64		{65			System.out.println(e.getMessage());66		}67		68		69		70		71		72		7374	}7576}

InvalidElementStateException

Using AI Code Generation

1import org.openqa.selenium.InvalidElementStateException;2import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;3import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;4import org.openqa.selenium.By;5import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;6import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;7import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;8import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;9import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;10import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;11import org.openqa.selenium.Alert;12import org.openqa.selenium.TakesScreenshot;13import java.io.File;14import java.io.IOException;15import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;16import java.util.Date;17import java.util.Calendar;18import java.awt.Robot;19import java.awt.AWTException;20import java.awt.Dimension;21import java.awt.Rectangle;22import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;23import javax.imageio.ImageIO;24import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;25import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedCondition;26import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;27import org.openqa.selenium

InvalidElementStateException

Using AI Code Generation

1import org.openqa.selenium.InvalidElementStateException;2import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;3import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;4import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;5import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;6import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;7public class WaitUntilElementIsClickable {8    public static void main(String[] args) {9        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "C:\\Users\\username\\Downloads\\chromedriver_win32\\chromedriver.exe");10        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();11        WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);12        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(element));13        element.sendKeys("Selenium");14        driver.quit();15    }16}17Click to share on Telegram (Opens in new window)18Click to share on Skype (Opens in new window)

InvalidElementStateException

Using AI Code Generation

1import org.openqa.selenium.InvalidElementStateException;2import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException;3import org.openqa.selenium.By;4import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;5import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;6import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;7import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;8import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;9public class SeleniumWebDriver {10public static void main(String[] args) {11System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "C:\\\\chromedriver.exe");12WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();13driver.manage().window().maximize();14element.sendKeys("Hello World!");15showMessageButton.click();16WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);17String message = yourMessage.getText();18if(message.equals("Hello World!")) {19System.out.println("Message is correct");20} else {21System.out.println("Message is incorrect");22}23driver.close();24}25}

InvalidElementStateException

Using AI Code Generation

1public class Test {2    public static void main(String[] args) {3        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "C:\\Users\\selenium\\chromedriver.exe");4        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();5        DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();6        capabilities.setCapability(CapabilityType.ACCEPT_SSL_CERTS, true);7        driver.manage().window().maximize();8        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);9        WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);10        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.name("q")));11        driver.findElement(By.name("q")).sendKeys("selenium");12        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.name("btnK")));13        driver.findElement(By.name("btnK")).click();14        wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id("result-stats")));15        System.out.println(driver.findElement(By.id("result-stats")).getText());16        driver.close();17    }18}

InvalidElementStateException

Using AI Code Generation

1package com.automationtesting;2import org.openqa.selenium.By;3import org.openqa.selenium.InvalidElementStateException;4import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;5import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;6import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;7import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;8public class InvalidElementStateExceptionExample {9	public static void main(String[] args) {10		System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "C:\\Users\\Santosh\\Downloads\\chromedriver_win32\\chromedriver.exe");11		WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();12		Select select = new Select(element);13		try {14			select.selectByVisibleText("Android");15		}16		catch(InvalidElementStateException e) {17			System.out.println("Exception has been caught");18		}19		driver.close();20	}21}22package com.automationtesting;23import org.openqa.selenium.By;24import org.openqa.selenium.InvalidElementStateException;25import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;26import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;27import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;28import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;29public class InvalidElementStateExceptionExample {30	public static void main(String[] args) {31		System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "C:\\Users\\Santosh\\Downloads\\chromedriver_win32\\chromedriver.exe");32		WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();33		Select select = new Select(element);34		try {35			select.selectByVisibleText("Android");36		}37		catch(InvalidElementStateException e) {38			System.out.println("Exception has been caught");39		}40		driver.close();41	}42}

Source: Java Selenium InvalidElementStateException Error

1<build>2    <resources>     3        <resource>4            <directory>src/main/resources</directory>5            <includes>                      6                <include>**/*.properties</include>                  7            </includes>8        </resource>            9    </resources>10</build>11

Source:Java Selenium InvalidElementStateException Error

<build>
    <resources>     
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            <includes>                      
                <include>**/*.properties</include>                  
            </includes>
        </resource>            
    </resources>
</build>

Source: Selenium webdriver returns false from isDisplayed() on newly added object in browser and then returns InvalidElementStateException

1@Bean2public static PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer propertyPlaceholderConfigurer() {34      return new PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer();5}6

Source:Selenium webdriver returns false from isDisplayed() on newly added object in browser and then returns InvalidElementStateException

@Bean
public static PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer propertyPlaceholderConfigurer() {

      return new PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer();
}

Selenium 4 Tutorial:

LambdaTest’s Selenium 4 tutorial is covering every aspects of Selenium 4 testing with examples and best practices. Here you will learn basics, such as how to upgrade from Selenium 3 to Selenium 4, to some advanced concepts, such as Relative locators and Selenium Grid 4 for Distributed testing. Also will learn new features of Selenium 4, such as capturing screenshots of specific elements, opening a new tab or window on the browser, and new protocol adoptions.

Chapters:

Upgrading From Selenium 3 To Selenium 4?: In this chapter, learn in detail how to update Selenium 3 to Selenium 4 for Java binding. Also, learn how to upgrade while using different build tools such as Maven or Gradle and get comprehensive guidance for upgrading Selenium.
What’s New In Selenium 4 & What’s Being Deprecated? : Get all information about new implementations in Selenium 4, such as W3S protocol adaption, Optimized Selenium Grid, and Enhanced Selenium IDE. Also, learn what is deprecated for Selenium 4, such as DesiredCapabilites and FindsBy methods, etc.
Selenium 4 With Python: Selenium supports all major languages, such as Python, C#, Ruby, and JavaScript. In this chapter, learn how to install Selenium 4 for Python and the features of Python in Selenium 4, such as Relative locators, Browser manipulation, and Chrom DevTool protocol.
Selenium 4 Is Now W3C Compliant: JSON Wireframe protocol is retiring from Selenium 4, and they are adopting W3C protocol to learn in detail about the advantages and impact of these changes.
How To Use Selenium 4 Relative Locator? : Selenium 4 came with new features such as Relative Locators that allow constructing locators with reference and easily located constructors nearby. Get to know its different use cases with examples.
Selenium Grid 4 Tutorial For Distributed Testing: Selenium Grid 4 allows you to perform tests over different browsers, OS, and device combinations. It also enables parallel execution browser testing, reads up on various features of Selenium Grid 4 and how to download it, and runs a test on Selenium Grid 4 with best practices.
Selenium Video Tutorials: Binge on video tutorials on Selenium by industry experts to get step-by-step direction from automating basic to complex test scenarios with Selenium.