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How to use test_plant_organic method in avocado
Best Python code snippet using avocado_python
test_basic.py
Source:test_basic.py 
1import glob2import json3import os4import re5import tempfile6import time7import unittest8import xml.dom.minidom9import zipfile10from avocado.core import exit_codes11from avocado.utils import path as utils_path12from avocado.utils import process, script13from selftests.utils import (14 AVOCADO,15 BASEDIR,16 TestCaseTmpDir,17 python_module_available,18 skipOnLevelsInferiorThan,19 skipUnlessPathExists,20 temp_dir_prefix,21)22try:23 import xmlschema24 SCHEMA_CAPABLE = True25except ImportError:26 SCHEMA_CAPABLE = False27UNSUPPORTED_STATUS_TEST_CONTENTS = """28from avocado import Test29class FakeStatusTest(Test):30 def run_avocado(self):31 super(FakeStatusTest, self).run_avocado()32 # Please do NOT ever use this, it's for unittesting only.33 self._Test__status = 'not supported'34 def test(self):35 pass36"""37INVALID_PYTHON_TEST = """38from avocado import Test39class MyTest(Test):40 non_existing_variable_causing_crash41 def test_my_name(self):42 pass43"""44VALID_PYTHON_TEST_WITH_TAGS = '''45from avocado import Test46class MyTest(Test):47 def test(self):48 """49 :avocado: tags=BIG_TAG_NAME50 """51 pass52'''53DIE_WITHOUT_REPORTING_STATUS = """54from avocado import Test55import os56import signal57class MyTest(Test):58 def test(self):59 os.kill(os.getpid(), signal.SIGKILL)60"""61RAISE_CUSTOM_PATH_EXCEPTION_CONTENT = """import os62import sys63from avocado import Test64class SharedLibTest(Test):65 def test(self):66 sys.path.append(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "shared_lib"))67 from mylib import CancelExc68 raise CancelExc("This should not crash on unpickling in runner")69"""70TEST_OTHER_LOGGERS_CONTENT = """71import logging72from avocado import Test73class My(Test):74 def test(self):75 logging.getLogger("some.other.logger").info("SHOULD NOT BE ON debug.log")76"""77def probe_binary(binary):78 try:79 return utils_path.find_command(binary)80 except utils_path.CmdNotFoundError:81 return None82TRUE_CMD = probe_binary("true")83CC_BINARY = probe_binary("cc")84# On macOS, the default GNU core-utils installation (brew)85# installs the gnu utility versions with a g prefix. It still has the86# BSD versions of the core utilities installed on their expected paths87# but their behavior and flags are in most cases different.88GNU_ECHO_BINARY = probe_binary("echo")89if GNU_ECHO_BINARY is not None:90 if probe_binary("man") is not None:91 echo_cmd = f"man {os.path.basename(GNU_ECHO_BINARY)}"92 echo_manpage = process.run(echo_cmd, env={"LANG": "C"}, encoding="ascii").stdout93 if b"-e" not in echo_manpage:94 GNU_ECHO_BINARY = probe_binary("gecho")95READ_BINARY = probe_binary("read")96SLEEP_BINARY = probe_binary("sleep")97class RunnerOperationTest(TestCaseTmpDir):98 def test_show_version(self):99 result = process.run(f"{AVOCADO} -v", ignore_status=True)100 self.assertEqual(result.exit_status, 0)101 self.assertTrue(102 re.match(r"^Avocado \d+\.\d+$", result.stdout_text),103 (104 f"Version string does not match "105 f"'Avocado \\d\\.\\d:'\n"106 f"{result.stdout_text}"107 ),108 )109 def test_alternate_config_datadir(self):110 """111 Uses the "--config" flag to check custom configuration is applied112 Even on the more complex data_dir module, which adds extra checks113 to what is set on the plain settings module.114 """115 base_dir = os.path.join(self.tmpdir.name, "datadir_base")116 os.mkdir(base_dir)117 mapping = {118 "base_dir": base_dir,119 "test_dir": os.path.join(base_dir, "test"),120 "data_dir": os.path.join(base_dir, "data"),121 "logs_dir": os.path.join(base_dir, "logs"),122 }123 config = "[datadir.paths]\n"124 for key, value in mapping.items():125 if not os.path.isdir(value):126 os.mkdir(value)127 config += f"{key} = {value}\n"128 fd, config_file = tempfile.mkstemp(dir=self.tmpdir.name)129 os.write(fd, config.encode())130 os.close(fd)131 cmd = f"{AVOCADO} --config {config_file} config --datadir"132 result = process.run(cmd)133 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK134 self.assertEqual(135 result.exit_status,136 expected_rc,137 (f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:" f"\n{result}"),138 )139 self.assertIn(" base " + mapping["base_dir"], result.stdout_text)140 self.assertIn(" data " + mapping["data_dir"], result.stdout_text)141 self.assertIn(" logs " + mapping["logs_dir"], result.stdout_text)142 def test_runner_phases(self):143 cmd_line = (144 f"{AVOCADO} run --disable-sysinfo "145 f"--job-results-dir {self.tmpdir.name} "146 f"examples/tests/phases.py"147 )148 result = process.run(cmd_line)149 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK150 self.assertEqual(151 result.exit_status,152 expected_rc,153 (f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:" f"\n{result}"),154 )155 def test_runner_all_ok(self):156 cmd_line = (157 f"{AVOCADO} run --disable-sysinfo "158 f"--job-results-dir {self.tmpdir.name} "159 f"examples/tests/passtest.py examples/tests/passtest.py"160 )161 process.run(cmd_line)162 # Also check whether jobdata contains correct parameter paths163 variants = open(164 os.path.join(self.tmpdir.name, "latest", "jobdata", "variants-1.json"),165 encoding="utf-8",166 ).read()167 expected = '[{"paths": ["/run/*"], "variant_id": null, "variant": [["/", []]]}]'168 self.assertEqual(variants, expected)169 def test_runner_failfast_fail(self):170 cmd_line = (171 f"{AVOCADO} run --disable-sysinfo "172 f"--job-results-dir {self.tmpdir.name} "173 f"examples/tests/passtest.py examples/tests/failtest.py "174 f"examples/tests/passtest.py --failfast "175 f"--nrunner-max-parallel-tasks=1"176 )177 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)178 self.assertIn(b"Interrupting job (failfast).", result.stdout)179 self.assertIn(b"PASS 1 | ERROR 0 | FAIL 1 | SKIP 1", result.stdout)180 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_TESTS_FAIL | exit_codes.AVOCADO_JOB_INTERRUPTED181 self.assertEqual(182 result.exit_status,183 expected_rc,184 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",185 )186 def test_runner_failfast_error(self):187 cmd_line = (188 f"{AVOCADO} run --disable-sysinfo "189 f"--job-results-dir {self.tmpdir.name} "190 f"examples/tests/passtest.py examples/tests/errortest.py "191 f"examples/tests/passtest.py --failfast "192 f"--nrunner-max-parallel-tasks=1"193 )194 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)195 self.assertIn(b"Interrupting job (failfast).", result.stdout)196 self.assertIn(b"PASS 1 | ERROR 1 | FAIL 0 | SKIP 1", result.stdout)197 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_TESTS_FAIL | exit_codes.AVOCADO_JOB_INTERRUPTED198 self.assertEqual(199 result.exit_status,200 expected_rc,201 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",202 )203 def test_runner_ignore_missing_references_one_missing(self):204 cmd_line = (205 f"{AVOCADO} run --disable-sysinfo "206 f"--job-results-dir {self.tmpdir.name} "207 f"examples/tests/passtest.py badtest.py "208 f"--ignore-missing-references"209 )210 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)211 self.assertIn(b"PASS 1 | ERROR 0 | FAIL 0 | SKIP 0", result.stdout)212 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK213 self.assertEqual(214 result.exit_status,215 expected_rc,216 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",217 )218 def test_runner_ignore_missing_references_all_missing(self):219 cmd_line = (220 f"{AVOCADO} run --disable-sysinfo "221 f"--job-results-dir {self.tmpdir.name} "222 f"badtest.py badtest2.py --ignore-missing-references"223 )224 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)225 self.assertIn(b"Suite is empty. There is no tests to run.", result.stderr)226 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_FAIL227 self.assertEqual(228 result.exit_status,229 expected_rc,230 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",231 )232 def test_runner_test_with_local_imports(self):233 prefix = temp_dir_prefix(self)234 with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory(prefix=prefix) as libdir:235 with script.Script(236 os.path.join(libdir, "mylib.py"),237 "def hello():\n return 'Hello world'",238 ):239 with script.Script(240 os.path.join(libdir, "test_local_imports.py"),241 (242 "from avocado import Test\n"243 "from mylib import hello\n"244 "class LocalImportTest(Test):\n"245 " def test(self):\n"246 " self.log.info(hello())\n"247 ),248 ) as mytest:249 cmd_line = (250 f"{AVOCADO} run --disable-sysinfo "251 f"--job-results-dir {self.tmpdir.name} "252 f"{mytest}"253 )254 process.run(cmd_line)255 def test_unsupported_status(self):256 with script.TemporaryScript(257 "fake_status.py",258 UNSUPPORTED_STATUS_TEST_CONTENTS,259 "avocado_unsupported_status",260 ) as tst:261 res = process.run(262 (263 f"{AVOCADO} run --disable-sysinfo "264 f"--job-results-dir {self.tmpdir.name} {tst} "265 f"--json -"266 ),267 ignore_status=True,268 )269 self.assertEqual(res.exit_status, exit_codes.AVOCADO_TESTS_FAIL)270 results = json.loads(res.stdout_text)271 self.assertEqual(272 results["tests"][0]["status"],273 "ERROR",274 (f"{results['tests'][0]['status']} != " f"{'ERROR'}\n{res}"),275 )276 self.assertIn(277 "Runner error occurred: Test reports unsupported",278 results["tests"][0]["fail_reason"],279 )280 def test_runner_tests_fail(self):281 cmd_line = (282 f"{AVOCADO} run --disable-sysinfo --job-results-dir "283 f"{self.tmpdir.name} examples/tests/passtest.py "284 f"examples/tests/failtest.py examples/tests/passtest.py"285 )286 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)287 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_TESTS_FAIL288 self.assertEqual(289 result.exit_status,290 expected_rc,291 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",292 )293 def test_runner_test_fail_with_warning(self):294 cmd_line = (295 f"{AVOCADO} run --disable-sysinfo --job-results-dir "296 f"{self.tmpdir.name} examples/tests/failtest_with_warning.py"297 )298 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)299 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_TESTS_FAIL300 self.assertEqual(301 result.exit_status,302 expected_rc,303 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",304 )305 def test_runner_nonexistent_test(self):306 cmd_line = (307 f"{AVOCADO} run --disable-sysinfo --job-results-dir "308 f"{self.tmpdir.name} bogustest"309 )310 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)311 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_JOB_FAIL312 unexpected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_FAIL313 self.assertNotEqual(314 result.exit_status,315 unexpected_rc,316 f"Avocado crashed (rc {unexpected_rc}):\n{result}",317 )318 self.assertEqual(319 result.exit_status,320 expected_rc,321 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",322 )323 def test_runner_doublefail(self):324 cmd_line = (325 f"{AVOCADO} run --disable-sysinfo --job-results-dir "326 f"{self.tmpdir.name} --xunit - "327 f"examples/tests/doublefail.py"328 )329 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)330 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_TESTS_FAIL331 unexpected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_FAIL332 self.assertNotEqual(333 result.exit_status,334 unexpected_rc,335 f"Avocado crashed (rc {unexpected_rc}):\n{result}",336 )337 self.assertEqual(338 result.exit_status,339 expected_rc,340 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",341 )342 self.assertIn(343 b"TestError: Failing during tearDown. Yay!",344 result.stdout,345 "Cleanup exception not printed to log output",346 )347 self.assertIn(348 b"TestFail: This test is supposed to fail",349 result.stdout,350 (f"Test did not fail with action exception:" f"\n{result.stdout}"),351 )352 def test_uncaught_exception(self):353 cmd_line = (354 f"{AVOCADO} run --disable-sysinfo --job-results-dir "355 f"{self.tmpdir.name} --json - "356 f"examples/tests/uncaught_exception.py"357 )358 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)359 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_TESTS_FAIL360 self.assertEqual(361 result.exit_status,362 expected_rc,363 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",364 )365 self.assertIn(b'"status": "ERROR"', result.stdout)366 def test_fail_on_exception(self):367 cmd_line = (368 f"{AVOCADO} run --disable-sysinfo --job-results-dir "369 f"{self.tmpdir.name} --json - "370 f"examples/tests/fail_on_exception.py"371 )372 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)373 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_TESTS_FAIL374 self.assertEqual(375 result.exit_status,376 expected_rc,377 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",378 )379 self.assertIn(b'"status": "FAIL"', result.stdout)380 def test_cancel_on_exception(self):381 cmd_line = (382 f"{AVOCADO} run --disable-sysinfo --job-results-dir "383 f"{self.tmpdir.name} --json - "384 f"examples/tests/cancel_on_exception.py"385 )386 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)387 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK388 self.assertEqual(389 result.exit_status,390 expected_rc,391 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",392 )393 result = json.loads(result.stdout_text)394 for test in result["tests"]:395 self.assertEqual(test["status"], "CANCEL")396 def test_assert_raises(self):397 cmd_line = (398 f"{AVOCADO} run --disable-sysinfo --job-results-dir "399 f"{self.tmpdir.name} -- examples/tests/assert.py"400 )401 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)402 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_TESTS_FAIL403 self.assertEqual(404 result.exit_status,405 expected_rc,406 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",407 )408 self.assertIn(b"Assert.test_assert_raises: PASS", result.stdout)409 self.assertIn(b"Assert.test_fails_to_raise: FAIL", result.stdout)410 self.assertIn(b"PASS 1 | ERROR 0 | FAIL 1 ", result.stdout)411 def test_exception_not_in_path(self):412 os.mkdir(os.path.join(self.tmpdir.name, "shared_lib"))413 mylib = script.Script(414 os.path.join(self.tmpdir.name, "shared_lib", "mylib.py"),415 "from avocado import TestCancel\n\n"416 "class CancelExc(TestCancel):\n"417 " pass",418 )419 mylib.save()420 mytest = script.Script(421 os.path.join(self.tmpdir.name, "mytest.py"),422 RAISE_CUSTOM_PATH_EXCEPTION_CONTENT,423 )424 mytest.save()425 result = process.run(426 f"{AVOCADO} --show test run --disable-sysinfo "427 f"--job-results-dir {self.tmpdir.name} {mytest}"428 )429 self.assertIn(430 b"'fail_reason': 'This should not crash on " b"unpickling in runner'",431 result.stdout,432 )433 def test_runner_timeout(self):434 cmd_line = (435 f"{AVOCADO} run --disable-sysinfo --job-results-dir "436 f"{self.tmpdir.name} examples/tests/timeouttest.py"437 )438 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)439 json_path = os.path.join(self.tmpdir.name, "latest", "results.json")440 with open(json_path, encoding="utf-8") as json_file:441 result_json = json.load(json_file)442 output = result.stdout443 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_JOB_INTERRUPTED444 unexpected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_FAIL445 self.assertNotEqual(446 result.exit_status,447 unexpected_rc,448 f"Avocado crashed (rc {unexpected_rc}):\n{result}",449 )450 self.assertEqual(451 result.exit_status,452 expected_rc,453 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",454 )455 self.assertIn("timeout", result_json["tests"][0]["fail_reason"])456 # Ensure no test aborted error messages show up457 self.assertNotIn(b"TestAbortError: Test aborted unexpectedly", output)458 def test_silent_output(self):459 cmd_line = (460 f"{AVOCADO} --show=none run --disable-sysinfo "461 f"--job-results-dir {self.tmpdir.name} "462 f"examples/tests/passtest.py"463 )464 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)465 self.assertEqual(result.exit_status, exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK)466 self.assertEqual(result.stdout, b"")467 def test_show_user_stream(self):468 cmd_line = (469 f"{AVOCADO} --show=app,avocado.test.progress run "470 f"--disable-sysinfo --job-results-dir {self.tmpdir.name} "471 f"examples/tests/logging_streams.py"472 )473 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)474 self.assertEqual(result.exit_status, exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK)475 self.assertIn(476 b"Plant.test_plant_organic: preparing soil on row 0", result.stdout477 )478 def test_empty_args_list(self):479 cmd_line = AVOCADO480 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)481 self.assertEqual(result.exit_status, exit_codes.AVOCADO_FAIL)482 self.assertIn(483 b"avocado: error: the following arguments are required", result.stderr484 )485 def test_empty_test_list(self):486 cmd_line = (487 f"{AVOCADO} run --disable-sysinfo --job-results-dir " f"{self.tmpdir.name}"488 )489 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)490 self.assertEqual(result.exit_status, exit_codes.AVOCADO_JOB_FAIL)491 self.assertEqual(492 result.stderr,493 (494 b"Test Suite could not be created. No test references"495 b" provided nor any other arguments resolved into "496 b"tests\n"497 ),498 )499 def test_not_found(self):500 cmd_line = (501 f"{AVOCADO} run --disable-sysinfo --job-results-dir "502 f"{self.tmpdir.name} sbrubles"503 )504 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)505 self.assertEqual(result.exit_status, exit_codes.AVOCADO_JOB_FAIL)506 self.assertEqual(result.stdout, b"")507 self.assertEqual(result.stderr, b"Could not resolve references: sbrubles\n")508 def test_invalid_unique_id(self):509 cmd_line = (510 f"{AVOCADO} run --disable-sysinfo "511 f"--job-results-dir {self.tmpdir.name} "512 f"--force-job-id foobar examples/tests/passtest.py"513 )514 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)515 self.assertNotEqual(result.exit_status, exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK)516 self.assertIn(b"needs to be a 40 digit hex", result.stderr)517 self.assertNotIn(b"needs to be a 40 digit hex", result.stdout)518 def test_valid_unique_id(self):519 cmd_line = (520 f"{AVOCADO} run --job-results-dir {self.tmpdir.name} "521 f"--disable-sysinfo "522 f"--force-job-id 975de258ac05ce5e490648dec4753657b7ccc7d1 "523 f"examples/tests/passtest.py"524 )525 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)526 self.assertEqual(result.exit_status, exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK)527 self.assertNotIn(b"needs to be a 40 digit hex", result.stderr)528 self.assertIn(b"PASS", result.stdout)529 def test_automatic_unique_id(self):530 cmd_line = (531 f"{AVOCADO} run --job-results-dir {self.tmpdir.name} "532 f"--disable-sysinfo examples/tests/passtest.py --json -"533 )534 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)535 self.assertEqual(result.exit_status, exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK)536 r = json.loads(result.stdout_text)537 int(r["job_id"], 16) # it's an hex number538 self.assertEqual(len(r["job_id"]), 40)539 @skipOnLevelsInferiorThan(2)540 def test_early_latest_result(self):541 """542 Tests that the `latest` link to the latest job results is created early543 :avocado: tags=parallel:1544 """545 cmd_line = (546 f"{AVOCADO} run --disable-sysinfo "547 f"--job-results-dir {self.tmpdir.name} "548 f"examples/tests/passtest.py"549 )550 avocado_process = process.SubProcess(cmd_line)551 try:552 avocado_process.start()553 link = os.path.join(self.tmpdir.name, "latest")554 for _ in range(0, 50):555 time.sleep(0.1)556 if os.path.exists(link) and os.path.islink(link):557 avocado_process.wait()558 break559 self.assertTrue(os.path.exists(link))560 self.assertTrue(os.path.islink(link))561 finally:562 avocado_process.wait()563 def test_invalid_python(self):564 test = script.make_script(565 os.path.join(self.tmpdir.name, "test.py"), INVALID_PYTHON_TEST566 )567 cmd_line = (568 f"{AVOCADO} run --disable-sysinfo "569 f"--job-results-dir {self.tmpdir.name} {test}"570 )571 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)572 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_TESTS_FAIL573 self.assertEqual(574 result.exit_status,575 expected_rc,576 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",577 )578 self.assertIn(f"{test}:MyTest.test_my_name: ERROR", result.stdout_text)579 @unittest.skipIf(not READ_BINARY, "read binary not available.")580 @skipOnLevelsInferiorThan(1)581 def test_read(self):582 """583 :avocado: tags=parallel:1584 """585 cmd = (586 f"{AVOCADO} run --disable-sysinfo "587 f"--job-results-dir {self.tmpdir.name} "588 f"{READ_BINARY}"589 )590 result = process.run(cmd, timeout=10, ignore_status=True)591 self.assertLess(592 result.duration, 8, (f"Duration longer than expected." f"\n{result}")593 )594 self.assertEqual(595 result.exit_status, 1, (f"Expected exit status is 1" f"\n{result}")596 )597 def test_runner_test_parameters(self):598 cmd_line = (599 f"{AVOCADO} run --disable-sysinfo --job-results-dir "600 f'{self.tmpdir.name} -p "sleep_length=0.01" -- '601 f"examples/tests/sleeptest.py "602 )603 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)604 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK605 self.assertEqual(606 result.exit_status,607 expected_rc,608 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",609 )610 json_path = os.path.join(self.tmpdir.name, "latest", "results.json")611 with open(json_path, encoding="utf-8") as json_file:612 result_json = json.load(json_file)613 with open(614 result_json["tests"][0]["logfile"], "r+b"615 ) as test_log_file: # pylint: disable=W1514616 test_log = test_log_file.read()617 self.assertIn(618 b"PARAMS (key=sleep_length, path=*, default=1) => '0.01'", test_log619 )620 self.assertIn(b"Sleeping for 0.01 seconds", test_log)621 def test_other_loggers(self):622 with script.TemporaryScript(623 "mytest.py",624 TEST_OTHER_LOGGERS_CONTENT,625 "avocado_functional_test_other_loggers",626 ) as mytest:627 cmd_line = (628 f"{AVOCADO} run --disable-sysinfo "629 f"--job-results-dir {self.tmpdir.name} -- {mytest}"630 )631 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)632 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK633 self.assertEqual(634 result.exit_status,635 expected_rc,636 (f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:" f"\n{result}"),637 )638 test_log_dir = glob.glob(639 os.path.join(self.tmpdir.name, "job-*", "test-results", "1-*")640 )[0]641 test_log_path = os.path.join(test_log_dir, "debug.log")642 with open(test_log_path, "rb") as test_log: # pylint: disable=W1514643 self.assertNotIn(b"SHOULD NOT BE ON debug.log", test_log.read())644 def test_store_logging_stream(self):645 cmd = (646 f"{AVOCADO} run --job-results-dir {self.tmpdir.name} "647 f"--store-logging-stream=avocado.test.progress "648 f"--disable-sysinfo -- examples/tests/logging_streams.py"649 )650 result = process.run(cmd)651 self.assertEqual(result.exit_status, exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK)652 progress_info = os.path.join(653 self.tmpdir.name,654 "latest",655 "test-results",656 "1-examples_tests_logging_streams.py_Plant" ".test_plant_organic",657 "avocado.test.progress",658 )659 self.assertTrue(os.path.exists(progress_info))660 with open(progress_info, encoding="utf-8") as file:661 stream_line = file.readline()662 self.assertIn(663 "INFO | 1-examples/tests/logging_streams.py:"664 "Plant.test_plant_organic: preparing soil on row 0",665 stream_line,666 )667class DryRunTest(TestCaseTmpDir):668 def test_dry_run(self):669 examples_path = os.path.join("examples", "tests")670 passtest = os.path.join(examples_path, "passtest.py")671 failtest = os.path.join(examples_path, "failtest.py")672 gendata = os.path.join(examples_path, "gendata.py")673 cmd = (674 f"{AVOCADO} run --disable-sysinfo --dry-run "675 f"--dry-run-no-cleanup --json - "676 f"-- {passtest} {failtest} {gendata}"677 )678 number_of_tests = 3679 result = json.loads(process.run(cmd).stdout_text)680 # Check if all tests were skipped681 self.assertEqual(result["cancel"], number_of_tests)682 for i in range(number_of_tests):683 test = result["tests"][i]684 self.assertEqual(test["fail_reason"], "Test cancelled due to --dry-run")685class RunnerHumanOutputTest(TestCaseTmpDir):686 def test_output_pass(self):687 cmd_line = (688 f"{AVOCADO} run --disable-sysinfo --job-results-dir "689 f"{self.tmpdir.name} examples/tests/passtest.py"690 )691 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)692 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK693 self.assertEqual(694 result.exit_status,695 expected_rc,696 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",697 )698 self.assertIn(b"passtest.py:PassTest.test: PASS", result.stdout)699 def test_output_fail(self):700 cmd_line = (701 f"{AVOCADO} run --disable-sysinfo --job-results-dir "702 f"{self.tmpdir.name} examples/tests/failtest.py"703 )704 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)705 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_TESTS_FAIL706 self.assertEqual(707 result.exit_status,708 expected_rc,709 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",710 )711 self.assertIn(b"examples/tests/failtest.py:FailTest.test: FAIL", result.stdout)712 def test_output_error(self):713 cmd_line = (714 f"{AVOCADO} run --disable-sysinfo --job-results-dir "715 f"{self.tmpdir.name} examples/tests/errortest.py"716 )717 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)718 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_TESTS_FAIL719 self.assertEqual(720 result.exit_status,721 expected_rc,722 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",723 )724 self.assertIn(b"errortest.py:ErrorTest.test: ERROR", result.stdout)725 def test_output_cancel(self):726 cmd_line = (727 f"{AVOCADO} run --disable-sysinfo --job-results-dir "728 f"{self.tmpdir.name} examples/tests/cancelonsetup.py"729 )730 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)731 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK732 self.assertEqual(733 result.exit_status,734 expected_rc,735 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",736 )737 self.assertIn(738 b"PASS 0 | ERROR 0 | FAIL 0 | SKIP 0 | WARN 0 | " b"INTERRUPT 0 | CANCEL 1",739 result.stdout,740 )741class RunnerExecTest(TestCaseTmpDir):742 def setUp(self):743 super().setUp()744 self.pass_script = script.TemporaryScript(745 "\u00e1 \u00e9 \u00ed \u00f3 \u00fa",746 "#!/bin/sh\ntrue",747 "avocado_exec_test_functional",748 )749 self.pass_script.save()750 self.fail_script = script.TemporaryScript(751 "avocado_fail.sh", "#!/bin/sh\nfalse", "avocado_exec_test_" "functional"752 )753 self.fail_script.save()754 def test_exec_test_pass(self):755 cmd_line = (756 f"{AVOCADO} run --job-results-dir {self.tmpdir.name} "757 f'--disable-sysinfo "{self.pass_script.path}"'758 )759 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)760 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK761 self.assertEqual(762 result.exit_status,763 expected_rc,764 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",765 )766 def test_exec_test_fail(self):767 cmd_line = (768 f"{AVOCADO} run --job-results-dir {self.tmpdir.name} "769 f"--disable-sysinfo {self.fail_script.path}"770 )771 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)772 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_TESTS_FAIL773 self.assertEqual(774 result.exit_status,775 expected_rc,776 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",777 )778 @skipOnLevelsInferiorThan(2)779 def test_runner_onehundred_fail_timing(self):780 """781 We can be pretty sure that a failtest should return immediately. Let's782 run 100 of them and assure they not take more than 30 seconds to run.783 Notice: on a current machine this takes about 0.12s, so 30 seconds is784 considered to be pretty safe here.785 :avocado: tags=parallel:1786 """787 one_hundred = "examples/tests/failtest.py " * 100788 cmd_line = (789 f"{AVOCADO} run --job-results-dir {self.tmpdir.name} "790 f"--disable-sysinfo {one_hundred}"791 )792 initial_time = time.monotonic()793 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)794 actual_time = time.monotonic() - initial_time795 self.assertLess(actual_time, 60.0)796 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_TESTS_FAIL797 self.assertEqual(798 result.exit_status,799 expected_rc,800 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",801 )802 @skipOnLevelsInferiorThan(2)803 def test_runner_sleep_fail_sleep_timing(self):804 """805 Sleeptest is supposed to take 1 second, let's make a sandwich of806 100 failtests and check the test runner timing.807 :avocado: tags=parallel:1808 """809 sleep_fail_sleep = (810 "examples/tests/sleeptest.py "811 + "examples/tests/failtest.py " * 100812 + "examples/tests/sleeptest.py"813 )814 cmd_line = (815 f"{AVOCADO} run --job-results-dir {self.tmpdir.name} "816 f"--disable-sysinfo {sleep_fail_sleep}"817 )818 initial_time = time.monotonic()819 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)820 actual_time = time.monotonic() - initial_time821 self.assertLess(actual_time, 63.0)822 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_TESTS_FAIL823 self.assertEqual(824 result.exit_status,825 expected_rc,826 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",827 )828 def test_non_absolute_path(self):829 test_base_dir = os.path.dirname(self.pass_script.path)830 os.chdir(test_base_dir)831 test_file_name = os.path.basename(self.pass_script.path)832 cmd_line = (833 f"{AVOCADO} run --job-results-dir {self.tmpdir.name} "834 f'--disable-sysinfo "{test_file_name}"'835 )836 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)837 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK838 self.assertEqual(839 result.exit_status,840 expected_rc,841 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",842 )843 def tearDown(self):844 self.pass_script.remove()845 self.fail_script.remove()846 super().tearDown()847class RunnerReferenceFromConfig(TestCaseTmpDir):848 def setUp(self):849 super().setUp()850 self.config_file = script.TemporaryScript(851 "avocado.conf", "[resolver]\n" "references = ['/bin/true']\n"852 )853 self.config_file.save()854 @skipUnlessPathExists("/bin/true")855 def test(self):856 cmd_line = (857 f"{AVOCADO} --config {self.config_file.path} run "858 f"--job-results-dir {self.tmpdir.name} --disable-sysinfo "859 )860 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)861 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK862 self.assertEqual(863 result.exit_status,864 expected_rc,865 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",866 )867 def tearDown(self):868 super().tearDown()869 self.config_file.remove()870class RunnerExecTestFailureFields(TestCaseTmpDir):871 def setUp(self):872 super().setUp()873 self.config_file = script.TemporaryScript(874 "avocado.conf",875 "[simpletests.status]\n" "failure_fields = ['stdout', 'stderr']\n",876 )877 self.config_file.save()878 def test_exec_test_failure_fields(self):879 fail_test = os.path.join(BASEDIR, "examples", "tests", "failtest.sh")880 cmd_line = (881 f"{AVOCADO} --config {self.config_file.path} run "882 f"--job-results-dir {self.tmpdir.name} "883 f"--disable-sysinfo -- {fail_test}"884 )885 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)886 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_TESTS_FAIL887 self.assertEqual(888 result.exit_status,889 expected_rc,890 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",891 )892 self.assertNotIn("Exited with status: '1'", result.stdout_text)893 def tearDown(self):894 super().tearDown()895 self.config_file.remove()896class PluginsTest(TestCaseTmpDir):897 def test_sysinfo_plugin(self):898 cmd_line = f"{AVOCADO} sysinfo {self.tmpdir.name}"899 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)900 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK901 self.assertEqual(902 result.exit_status,903 expected_rc,904 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",905 )906 sysinfo_files = os.listdir(self.tmpdir.name)907 self.assertGreater(len(sysinfo_files), 0, "Empty sysinfo files dir")908 def test_list_plugin(self):909 cmd_line = f"{AVOCADO} list"910 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)911 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK912 self.assertEqual(913 result.exit_status,914 expected_rc,915 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",916 )917 self.assertNotIn(b"No tests were found on current tests dir", result.stdout)918 def test_list_error_output(self):919 cmd_line = f"{AVOCADO} list sbrubles"920 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)921 self.assertEqual("", result.stdout_text)922 def test_plugin_list(self):923 cmd_line = f"{AVOCADO} plugins"924 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)925 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK926 self.assertEqual(927 result.exit_status,928 expected_rc,929 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",930 )931 self.assertNotIn(b"Disabled", result.stdout)932 def test_config_plugin(self):933 cmd_line = f"{AVOCADO} config "934 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)935 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK936 self.assertEqual(937 result.exit_status,938 expected_rc,939 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",940 )941 self.assertNotIn(b"Disabled", result.stdout)942 def test_config_plugin_datadir(self):943 cmd_line = f"{AVOCADO} config --datadir "944 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)945 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK946 self.assertEqual(947 result.exit_status,948 expected_rc,949 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",950 )951 self.assertNotIn(b"Disabled", result.stdout)952 def test_disable_plugin(self):953 cmd_line = f"{AVOCADO} plugins"954 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)955 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK956 self.assertEqual(957 result.exit_status,958 expected_rc,959 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",960 )961 self.assertIn(b"Collect system information", result.stdout)962 config_content = "[plugins]\ndisable=['cli.cmd.sysinfo',]"963 config = script.TemporaryScript("disable_sysinfo_cmd.conf", config_content)964 with config:965 cmd_line = f"{AVOCADO} --config {config} plugins"966 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)967 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK968 self.assertEqual(969 result.exit_status,970 expected_rc,971 (f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:" f"\n{result}"),972 )973 self.assertNotIn(b"Collect system information", result.stdout)974 def test_plugin_order(self):975 """976 Tests plugin order by configuration file977 First it checks if html, json, xunit and zip_archive plugins are enabled.978 Then it runs a test with zip_archive running first, which means the html,979 json and xunit output files do not make into the archive.980 Then it runs with zip_archive set to run last, which means the html,981 json and xunit output files *do* make into the archive.982 """983 def run_config(config_path):984 cmd = (985 f"{AVOCADO} --config {config_path} "986 f"run examples/tests/passtest.py --archive "987 f"--job-results-dir {self.tmpdir.name} "988 f"--disable-sysinfo"989 )990 result = process.run(cmd, ignore_status=True)991 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK992 self.assertEqual(993 result.exit_status,994 expected_rc,995 (f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:" f"\n{result}"),996 )997 result_plugins = ["json", "xunit", "zip_archive"]998 result_outputs = ["results.json", "results.xml"]999 if python_module_available("avocado-framework-plugin-result-html"):1000 result_plugins.append("html")1001 result_outputs.append("results.html")1002 cmd_line = f"{AVOCADO} plugins"1003 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)1004 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK1005 self.assertEqual(1006 result.exit_status,1007 expected_rc,1008 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",1009 )1010 for result_plugin in result_plugins:1011 self.assertIn(result_plugin, result.stdout_text)1012 config_content_zip_first = "[plugins.result]\norder=['zip_archive']"1013 config_zip_first = script.TemporaryScript(1014 "zip_first.conf", config_content_zip_first1015 )1016 with config_zip_first:1017 run_config(config_zip_first)1018 archives = glob.glob(os.path.join(self.tmpdir.name, "*.zip"))1019 self.assertEqual(len(archives), 1, "ZIP Archive not generated")1020 zip_file = zipfile.ZipFile(archives[0], "r")1021 zip_file_list = zip_file.namelist()1022 for result_output in result_outputs:1023 self.assertNotIn(result_output, zip_file_list)1024 os.unlink(archives[0])1025 config_content_zip_last = (1026 "[plugins.result]\norder=['html', 'json',"1027 "'xunit', 'non_existing_plugin_is_ignored'"1028 ",'zip_archive']"1029 )1030 config_zip_last = script.TemporaryScript(1031 "zip_last.conf", config_content_zip_last1032 )1033 with config_zip_last:1034 run_config(config_zip_last)1035 archives = glob.glob(os.path.join(self.tmpdir.name, "*.zip"))1036 self.assertEqual(len(archives), 1, "ZIP Archive not generated")1037 zip_file = zipfile.ZipFile(archives[0], "r")1038 zip_file_list = zip_file.namelist()1039 for result_output in result_outputs:1040 self.assertIn(result_output, zip_file_list)1041 def test_Namespace_object_has_no_attribute(self):1042 cmd_line = f"{AVOCADO} plugins"1043 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)1044 expected_rc = exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK1045 self.assertEqual(1046 result.exit_status,1047 expected_rc,1048 f"Avocado did not return rc {expected_rc}:\n{result}",1049 )1050 self.assertNotIn(b"'Namespace' object has no attribute", result.stderr)1051class ParseXMLError(Exception):1052 pass1053class PluginsXunitTest(TestCaseTmpDir):1054 @unittest.skipUnless(1055 SCHEMA_CAPABLE, "Unable to validate schema due to missing xmlschema library"1056 )1057 def setUp(self):1058 super().setUp()1059 junit_xsd = os.path.join(1060 os.path.dirname(__file__), os.path.pardir, ".data", "jenkins-junit.xsd"1061 )1062 self.xml_schema = xmlschema.XMLSchema(junit_xsd)1063 def run_and_check(self, testname, e_rc, e_ntests, e_nerrors, e_nfailures, e_nskip):1064 cmd_line = (1065 f"{AVOCADO} run --job-results-dir {self.tmpdir.name} "1066 f"--disable-sysinfo "1067 f"--xunit - {testname}"1068 )1069 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)1070 xml_output = result.stdout1071 self.assertEqual(1072 result.exit_status, e_rc, f"Avocado did not return rc {e_rc}:\n{result}"1073 )1074 try:1075 xunit_doc = xml.dom.minidom.parseString(xml_output)1076 except Exception as detail:1077 raise ParseXMLError(f"Failed to parse content: {detail}\n{xml_output}")1078 # pylint: disable=I11011079 xunit_file_output = os.path.join(self.tmpdir.name, "latest", "results.xml")1080 self.assertTrue(self.xml_schema.is_valid(xunit_file_output))1081 testsuite_list = xunit_doc.getElementsByTagName("testsuite")1082 self.assertEqual(len(testsuite_list), 1, "More than one testsuite tag")1083 testsuite_tag = testsuite_list[0]1084 self.assertEqual(1085 len(testsuite_tag.attributes),1086 7,1087 (f"The testsuite tag does not have 7 attributes. " f"XML:\n{xml_output}"),1088 )1089 n_tests = int(testsuite_tag.attributes["tests"].value)1090 self.assertEqual(1091 n_tests,1092 e_ntests,1093 (f"Unexpected number of executed tests, XML:\n" f"{xml_output}"),1094 )1095 n_errors = int(testsuite_tag.attributes["errors"].value)1096 self.assertEqual(1097 n_errors,1098 e_nerrors,1099 (f"Unexpected number of test errors, XML:\n" f"{xml_output}"),1100 )1101 n_failures = int(testsuite_tag.attributes["failures"].value)1102 self.assertEqual(1103 n_failures,1104 e_nfailures,1105 (f"Unexpected number of test failures, XML:\n" f"{xml_output}"),1106 )1107 n_skip = int(testsuite_tag.attributes["skipped"].value)1108 self.assertEqual(1109 n_skip, e_nskip, f"Unexpected number of test skips, XML:\n" f"{xml_output}"1110 )1111 def test_xunit_plugin_passtest(self):1112 self.run_and_check(1113 "examples/tests/passtest.py", exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK, 1, 0, 0, 01114 )1115 def test_xunit_plugin_failtest(self):1116 self.run_and_check(1117 "examples/tests/failtest.py", exit_codes.AVOCADO_TESTS_FAIL, 1, 0, 1, 01118 )1119 def test_xunit_plugin_skiponsetuptest(self):1120 self.run_and_check(1121 "examples/tests/cancelonsetup.py", exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK, 1, 0, 0, 11122 )1123 def test_xunit_plugin_errortest(self):1124 self.run_and_check(1125 "examples/tests/errortest.py", exit_codes.AVOCADO_TESTS_FAIL, 1, 1, 0, 01126 )1127class ParseJSONError(Exception):1128 pass1129class PluginsJSONTest(TestCaseTmpDir):1130 def run_and_check(1131 self, testname, e_rc, e_ntests, e_nerrors, e_nfailures, e_nskip, e_ncancel=01132 ):1133 cmd_line = (1134 f"{AVOCADO} run --job-results-dir {self.tmpdir.name} "1135 f"--disable-sysinfo --json - "1136 f"--archive {testname}"1137 )1138 result = process.run(cmd_line, ignore_status=True)1139 json_output = result.stdout_text1140 self.assertEqual(1141 result.exit_status, e_rc, f"Avocado did not return rc {e_rc}:\n{result}"1142 )1143 try:1144 json_data = json.loads(json_output)1145 except Exception as detail:1146 raise ParseJSONError(1147 (f"Failed to parse content: {detail}\n" f"{json_output}")1148 )1149 self.assertTrue(json_data, f"Empty JSON result:\n{json_output}")1150 self.assertIsInstance(1151 json_data["tests"], list, "JSON result lacks 'tests' list"1152 )1153 n_tests = len(json_data["tests"])1154 self.assertEqual(n_tests, e_ntests, "Different number of expected tests")1155 n_errors = json_data["errors"]1156 self.assertEqual(n_errors, e_nerrors, "Different number of expected tests")1157 n_failures = json_data["failures"]1158 self.assertEqual(n_failures, e_nfailures, "Different number of expected tests")1159 n_skip = json_data["skip"]1160 self.assertEqual(n_skip, e_nskip, "Different number of skipped tests")1161 n_cancel = json_data["cancel"]1162 self.assertEqual(n_cancel, e_ncancel)1163 return json_data1164 def test_json_plugin_passtest(self):1165 self.run_and_check(1166 "examples/tests/passtest.py", exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK, 1, 0, 0, 01167 )1168 def test_json_plugin_failtest(self):1169 self.run_and_check(1170 "examples/tests/failtest.py", exit_codes.AVOCADO_TESTS_FAIL, 1, 0, 1, 01171 )1172 def test_json_plugin_skiponsetuptest(self):1173 self.run_and_check(1174 "examples/tests/cancelonsetup.py", exit_codes.AVOCADO_ALL_OK, 1, 0, 0, 0, 11175 )1176 def test_json_plugin_errortest(self):1177 self.run_and_check(1178 "examples/tests/errortest.py", exit_codes.AVOCADO_TESTS_FAIL, 1, 1, 0, 01179 )1180if __name__ == "__main__":...
plant.py
Source:plant.py
2import time3from avocado import Test4progress_log = logging.getLogger("progress")5class Plant(Test):6 def test_plant_organic(self):7 rows = self.params.get("rows", default=3)8 # Preparing soil9 for row in range(rows):10 progress_log.info("%s: preparing soil on row %s",11 self.name, row)12 # Letting soil rest13 progress_log.info("%s: letting soil rest before throwing seeds",14 self.name)15 time.sleep(2)16 # Throwing seeds17 for row in range(rows):18 progress_log.info("%s: throwing seeds on row %s",19 self.name, row)20 # Let them grow...
logging_streams.py
Source:logging_streams.py
2import time3from avocado import Test4class Plant(Test):5 """Logs parts of the test progress in an specific logging stream."""6 def test_plant_organic(self):7 progress_log = logging.getLogger("avocado.test.progress")8 rows = int(self.params.get("rows", default=3))9 # Preparing soil10 for row in range(rows):11 progress_log.info("%s: preparing soil on row %s", self.name, row)12 # Letting soil rest13 progress_log.info("%s: letting soil rest before throwing seeds", self.name)14 time.sleep(1)15 # Throwing seeds16 for row in range(rows):17 progress_log.info("%s: throwing seeds on row %s", self.name, row)18 # Let them grow19 progress_log.info("%s: waiting for Avocados to grow", self.name)20 time.sleep(2)...
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