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How to use Example method of rod_test Package

Best Rod code snippet using rod_test.Example

examples_test.go

Source:examples_test.go

...16	"github.com/go-rod/rod/lib/utils"17)18// This example opens https://github.com/, searches for "git",19// and then gets the header element which gives the description for Git.20func Example() {21	// Launch a new browser with default options, and connect to it.22	browser := rod.New().MustConnect()23	// Even you forget to close, rod will close it after main process ends.24	defer browser.MustClose()25	// Create a new page26	page := browser.MustPage("https://github.com")27	// We use css selector to get the search input element and input "git"28	page.MustElement("input").MustInput("git").MustPress(input.Enter)29	// Wait until css selector get the element then get the text content of it.30	text := page.MustElement(".codesearch-results p").MustText()31	fmt.Println(text)32	// Get all input elements. Rod supports query elements by css selector, xpath, and regex.33	// For more detailed usage, check the query_test.go file.34	fmt.Println("Found", len(page.MustElements("input")), "input elements")35	// Eval js on the page36	page.MustEval(`console.log("hello world")`)37	// Pass parameters as json objects to the js function. This MustEval will result 338	fmt.Println("1 + 2 =", page.MustEval(`(a, b) => a + b`, 1, 2).Int())39	// When eval on an element, "this" in the js is the current DOM element.40	fmt.Println(page.MustElement("title").MustEval(`this.innerText`).String())41	// Output:42	// Git is the most widely used version control system.43	// Found 5 input elements44	// 1 + 2 = 345	// Search Â· git Â· GitHub46}47// Shows how to disable headless mode and debug.48// Rod provides a lot of debug options, you can set them with setter methods or use environment variables.49// Doc for environment variables: https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/go-rod/rod/lib/defaults50func Example_disable_headless_to_debug() {51	// Headless runs the browser on foreground, you can also use env "rod=show"52	// Devtools opens the tab in each new tab opened automatically53	l := launcher.New().54		Headless(false).55		Devtools(true)56	defer l.Cleanup() // remove launcher.FlagUserDataDir57	url := l.MustLaunch()58	// Trace shows verbose debug information for each action executed59	// Slowmotion is a debug related function that waits 2 seconds between60	// each action, making it easier to inspect what your code is doing.61	browser := rod.New().62		ControlURL(url).63		Trace(true).64		SlowMotion(2 * time.Second).65		MustConnect()66	// ServeMonitor plays screenshots of each tab. This feature is extremely67	// useful when debugging with headless mode.68	// You can also enable it with env rod=monitor69	launcher.Open(browser.ServeMonitor(""))70	defer browser.MustClose()71	page := browser.MustPage("https://github.com/")72	page.MustElement("input").MustInput("git").MustPress(input.Enter)73	text := page.MustElement(".codesearch-results p").MustText()74	fmt.Println(text)75	utils.Pause() // pause goroutine76}77// Rod use https://golang.org/pkg/context to handle cancelations for IO blocking operations, most times it's timeout.78// Context will be recursively passed to all sub-methods.79// For example, methods like Page.Context(ctx) will return a clone of the page with the ctx,80// all the methods of the returned page will use the ctx if they have IO blocking operations.81// Page.Timeout or Page.WithCancel is just a shortcut for Page.Context.82// Of course, Browser or Element works the same way.83func Example_context_and_timeout() {84	page := rod.New().MustConnect().MustPage("https://github.com")85	page.86		// Set a 5-second timeout for all chained methods87		Timeout(5 * time.Second).88		// The total time for MustWaitLoad and MustElement must be less than 5 seconds89		MustWaitLoad().90		MustElement("title").91		// Methods after CancelTimeout won't be affected by the 5-second timeout92		CancelTimeout().93		// Set a 10-second timeout for all chained methods94		Timeout(10 * time.Second).95		// Panics if it takes more than 10 seconds96		MustText()97	// The two code blocks below are basically the same:98	{99		page.Timeout(5 * time.Second).MustElement("a").CancelTimeout()100	}101	{102		// Use this way you can customize your own way to cancel long-running task103		page, cancel := page.WithCancel()104		go func() {105			time.Sleep(time.Duration(rand.Int())) // cancel after randomly time106			cancel()107		}()108		page.MustElement("a")109	}110}111// We use "Must" prefixed functions to write example code. But in production you may want to use112// the no-prefix version of them.113// About why we use "Must" as the prefix, it's similar to https://golang.org/pkg/regexp/#MustCompile114func Example_error_handling() {115	page := rod.New().MustConnect().MustPage("https://mdn.dev")116	// We use Go's standard way to check error types, no magic.117	check := func(err error) {118		var evalErr *rod.ErrEval119		if errors.Is(err, context.DeadlineExceeded) { // timeout error120			fmt.Println("timeout err")121		} else if errors.As(err, &evalErr) { // eval error122			fmt.Println(evalErr.LineNumber)123		} else if err != nil {124			fmt.Println("can't handle", err)125		}126	}127	// The two code blocks below are doing the same thing in two styles:128	// The block below is better for debugging or quick scripting. We use panic to short-circuit logics.129	// So that we can take advantage of fluent interface (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluent_interface)130	// and fail-fast (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fail-fast).131	// This style will reduce code, but it may also catch extra errors (less consistent and precise).132	{133		err := rod.Try(func() {134			fmt.Println(page.MustElement("a").MustHTML()) // use "Must" prefixed functions135		})136		check(err)137	}138	// The block below is better for production code. It's the standard way to handle errors.139	// Usually, this style is more consistent and precise.140	{141		el, err := page.Element("a")142		if err != nil {143			check(err)144			return145		}146		html, err := el.HTML()147		if err != nil {148			check(err)149			return150		}151		fmt.Println(html)152	}153}154// Example_search shows how to use Search to get element inside nested iframes or shadow DOMs.155// It works the same as https://developers.google.com/web/tools/chrome-devtools/dom#search156func Example_search() {157	browser := rod.New().MustConnect()158	defer browser.MustClose()159	page := browser.MustPage("https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/iframe")160	// Click the zoom-in button of the OpenStreetMap161	page.MustSearch(".leaflet-control-zoom-in").MustClick()162	fmt.Println("done")163	// Output: done164}165func Example_page_screenshot() {166	page := rod.New().MustConnect().MustPage("https://github.com").MustWaitLoad()167	// simple version168	page.MustScreenshot("my.png")169	// customization version170	img, _ := page.Screenshot(true, &proto.PageCaptureScreenshot{171		Format:  proto.PageCaptureScreenshotFormatJpeg,172		Quality: 90,173		Clip: &proto.PageViewport{174			X:      0,175			Y:      0,176			Width:  300,177			Height: 200,178			Scale:  1,179		},180		FromSurface: true,181	})182	_ = utils.OutputFile("my.jpg", img)183}184func Example_page_pdf() {185	page := rod.New().MustConnect().MustPage("https://github.com").MustWaitLoad()186	// simple version187	page.MustPDF("my.pdf")188	// customized version189	pdf, _ := page.PDF(&proto.PagePrintToPDF{190		PaperWidth:  8.5,191		PaperHeight: 11,192		PageRanges:  "1-3",193	})194	_ = utils.OutputFile("my.pdf", pdf)195}196// Show how to handle multiple results of an action.197// Such as when you login a page, the result can be success or wrong password.198func Example_race_selectors() {199	const username = ""200	const password = ""201	browser := rod.New().MustConnect()202	page := browser.MustPage("https://leetcode.com/accounts/login/")203	page.MustElement("#id_login").MustInput(username)204	page.MustElement("#id_password").MustInput(password).MustPress(input.Enter)205	// It will keep retrying until one selector has found a match206	elm := page.Race().Element(".nav-user-icon-base").MustHandle(func(e *rod.Element) {207		// print the username after successful login208		fmt.Println(*e.MustAttribute("title"))209	}).Element("[data-cy=sign-in-error]").MustDo()210	if elm.MustMatches("[data-cy=sign-in-error]") {211		// when wrong username or password212		panic(elm.MustText())213	}214}215// Rod uses mouse cursor to simulate clicks, so if a button is moving because of animation, the click may not work as expected.216// We usually use WaitStable to make sure the target isn't changing anymore.217func Example_wait_for_animation() {218	browser := rod.New().MustConnect()219	defer browser.MustClose()220	page := browser.MustPage("https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/components/modal/")221	page.MustWaitLoad().MustElement("[data-target='#exampleModalLive']").MustClick()222	saveBtn := page.MustElementR("#exampleModalLive button", "Close")223	// Here, WaitStable will wait until the button's position and size become stable.224	saveBtn.MustWaitStable().MustClick().MustWaitInvisible()225	fmt.Println("done")226	// Output: done227}228// When you want to wait for an ajax request to complete, this example will be useful.229func Example_wait_for_request() {230	browser := rod.New().MustConnect()231	defer browser.MustClose()232	page := browser.MustPage("https://duckduckgo.com/")233	// Start to analyze request events234	wait := page.MustWaitRequestIdle()235	// This will trigger the search ajax request236	page.MustElement("#search_form_input_homepage").MustClick().MustInput("lisp")237	// Wait until there's no active requests238	wait()239	// We want to make sure that after waiting, there are some autocomplete240	// suggestions available.241	fmt.Println(len(page.MustElements(".search__autocomplete .acp")) > 0)242	// Output: true243}244// Shows how to change the retry/polling options that is used to query elements.245// This is useful when you want to customize the element query retry logic.246func Example_customize_retry_strategy() {247	browser := rod.New().MustConnect()248	defer browser.MustClose()249	page := browser.MustPage("https://github.com")250	// sleep for 0.5 seconds before every retry251	sleeper := func() utils.Sleeper {252		return func(context.Context) error {253			time.Sleep(time.Second / 2)254			return nil255		}256	}257	el, _ := page.Sleeper(sleeper).Element("input")258	fmt.Println(el.MustProperty("name"))259	// If sleeper is nil page.ElementE will query without retrying.260	// If nothing found it will return an error.261	el, err := page.Sleeper(rod.NotFoundSleeper).Element("input")262	if errors.Is(err, &rod.ErrElementNotFound{}) {263		fmt.Println("element not found")264	} else if err != nil {265		panic(err)266	}267	fmt.Println(el.MustProperty("name"))268	// Output:269	// q270	// q271}272// Shows how we can further customize the browser with the launcher library.273// Usually you use launcher lib to set the browser's command line flags (switches).274// Doc for flags: https://peter.sh/experiments/chromium-command-line-switches275func Example_customize_browser_launch() {276	url := launcher.New().277		Proxy("127.0.0.1:8080").     // set flag "--proxy-server=127.0.0.1:8080"278		Delete("use-mock-keychain"). // delete flag "--use-mock-keychain"279		MustLaunch()280	browser := rod.New().ControlURL(url).MustConnect()281	defer browser.MustClose()282	// So that we don't have to self issue certs for MITM283	browser.MustIgnoreCertErrors(true)284	// Adding authentication to the proxy, for the next auth request.285	// We use CLI tool "mitmproxy --proxyauth user:pass" as an example.286	go browser.MustHandleAuth("user", "pass")()287	// mitmproxy needs a cert config to support https. We use http here instead,288	// for example289	fmt.Println(browser.MustPage("https://mdn.dev/").MustElement("title").MustText())290}291// When rod doesn't have a feature that you need. You can easily call the cdp to achieve it.292// List of cdp API: https://github.com/go-rod/rod/tree/master/lib/proto293func Example_direct_cdp() {294	page := rod.New().MustConnect().MustPage()295	// Rod doesn't have a method to enable AD blocking,296	// but you can call cdp interface directly to achieve it.297	// The two code blocks below are equal to enable AD blocking298	{299		_ = proto.PageSetAdBlockingEnabled{300			Enabled: true,301		}.Call(page)302	}303	{304		// Interact with the cdp JSON API directly305		_, _ = page.Call(context.TODO(), "", "Page.setAdBlockingEnabled", map[string]bool{306			"enabled": true,307		})308	}309}310// Shows how to listen for events.311func Example_handle_events() {312	browser := rod.New().MustConnect()313	defer browser.MustClose()314	page := browser.MustPage()315	done := make(chan struct{})316	// Listen for all events of console output.317	go page.EachEvent(func(e *proto.RuntimeConsoleAPICalled) {318		fmt.Println(page.MustObjectsToJSON(e.Args))319		close(done)320	})()321	wait := page.WaitEvent(&proto.PageLoadEventFired{})322	page.MustNavigate("https://mdn.dev")323	wait()324	// EachEvent allows us to achieve the same functionality as above.325	if false {326		// Subscribe events before they happen, run the "wait()" to start consuming327		// the events. We can return an optional stop signal to unsubscribe events.328		wait := page.EachEvent(func(e *proto.PageLoadEventFired) (stop bool) {329			return true330		})331		page.MustNavigate("https://mdn.dev")332		wait()333	}334	// Or the for-loop style to handle events to do the same thing above.335	if false {336		page.MustNavigate("https://mdn.dev")337		for msg := range page.Event() {338			e := proto.PageLoadEventFired{}339			if msg.Load(&e) {340				break341			}342		}343	}344	page.MustEval(`console.log("hello", "world")`)345	<-done346	// Output:347	// [hello world]348}349func Example_download_file() {350	browser := rod.New().MustConnect()351	page := browser.MustPage("https://file-examples.com/index.php/sample-documents-download/sample-pdf-download/")352	wait := browser.MustWaitDownload()353	page.MustElementR("a", "DOWNLOAD SAMPLE PDF FILE").MustClick()354	_ = utils.OutputFile("t.pdf", wait())355}356// Shows how to intercept requests and modify357// both the request and the response.358// The entire process of hijacking one request:359//    browser --req-> rod ---> server ---> rod --res-> browser360// The --req-> and --res-> are the parts that can be modified.361func Example_hijack_requests() {362	browser := rod.New().MustConnect()363	defer browser.MustClose()364	router := browser.HijackRequests()365	defer router.MustStop()366	router.MustAdd("*.js", func(ctx *rod.Hijack) {367		// Here we update the request's header. Rod gives functionality to368		// change or update all parts of the request. Refer to the documentation369		// for more information.370		ctx.Request.Req().Header.Set("My-Header", "test")371		// LoadResponse runs the default request to the destination of the request.372		// Not calling this will require you to mock the entire response.373		// This can be done with the SetXxx (Status, Header, Body) functions on the374		// ctx.Response struct.375		_ = ctx.LoadResponse(http.DefaultClient, true)376		// Here we append some code to every js file.377		// The code will update the document title to "hi"378		ctx.Response.SetBody(ctx.Response.Body() + "\n document.title = 'hi' ")379	})380	go router.Run()381	browser.MustPage("https://go-rod.github.io").MustWait(`document.title === 'hi'`)382	fmt.Println("done")383	// Output: done384}385// Shows how to share a remote object reference between two Eval386func Example_eval_reuse_remote_object() {387	page := rod.New().MustConnect().MustPage()388	fn := page.MustEvaluate(rod.Eval(`Math.random`).ByObject())389	res := page.MustEval(`f => f()`, fn)390	// print a random number391	fmt.Println(res.Num())392}393// Shows how to update the state of the current page.394// In this example we enable the network domain.395func Example_states() {396	browser := rod.New().MustConnect()397	defer browser.MustClose()398	page := browser.MustPage()399	// LoadState detects whether the network domain is enabled or not.400	fmt.Println(page.LoadState(&proto.NetworkEnable{}))401	_ = proto.NetworkEnable{}.Call(page)402	// Check if the network domain is successfully enabled.403	fmt.Println(page.LoadState(&proto.NetworkEnable{}))404	// Output:405	// false406	// true407}408// We can use PagePool to concurrently control and reuse pages.409func ExamplePage_pool() {410	browser := rod.New().MustConnect()411	defer browser.MustClose()412	// We create a pool that will hold at most 3 pages which means the max concurrency is 3413	pool := rod.NewPagePool(3)414	// Create a page if needed415	create := func() *rod.Page {416		// We use MustIncognito to isolate pages with each other417		return browser.MustIncognito().MustPage()418	}419	yourJob := func() {420		page := pool.Get(create)421		defer pool.Put(page)422		page.MustNavigate("http://mdn.dev").MustWaitLoad()423		fmt.Println(page.MustInfo().Title)424	}425	// Run jobs concurrently426	wg := sync.WaitGroup{}427	for range "...." {428		wg.Add(1)429		go func() {430			defer wg.Done()431			yourJob()432		}()433	}434	wg.Wait()435	// cleanup pool436	pool.Cleanup(func(p *rod.Page) { p.MustClose() })437	// Output:438	// mdn.dev439	// mdn.dev440	// mdn.dev441	// mdn.dev442}443func Example_load_extension() {444	extPath, _ := filepath.Abs("fixtures/chrome-extension")445	u := launcher.New().446		// Must use abs path for an extension447		Set("load-extension", extPath).448		// Headless mode doesn't support extension yet.449		// Reason: https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=706008#c5450		// You can use XVFB to get rid of it: https://github.com/go-rod/rod/blob/master/lib/examples/launch-managed/main.go451		Headless(false).452		MustLaunch()453	page := rod.New().ControlURL(u).MustConnect().MustPage("http://mdn.dev")454	page.MustWait(`document.title === 'test-extension'`)455	fmt.Println("ok")456	// Skip457	// Output: ok458}459func Example_log_cdp_traffic() {460	cdp := cdp.New(launcher.New().MustLaunch()).461		// Here we can customize how to log the requests, responses, and events transferred between Rod and the browser.462		Logger(utils.Log(func(msg ...interface{}) {463			// Such as use some fancy lib like github.com/davecgh/go-spew/spew to make the output more readable:464			//     spew.Println(msg)465			// Here we use %#v as an example.466			fmt.Printf("%#v\n", msg)467		}))468	rod.New().Client(cdp).MustConnect().MustPage("http://mdn.dev")469}...

Example

Using AI Code Generation

1import (2func main() {3	browser := rod.New().ControlURL(launcher.New().MustLaunch()).MustConnect()4	title := page.MustElement("title").MustText()5	println(title)6	body := page.MustElement("body").MustHTML()7	println(body)8	title2 := page.MustElement(".title").MustText()9	println(title2)10	body2 := page.MustElement(".body").MustHTML()11	println(body2)12	title3 := page.MustElement("#title").MustText()13	println(title3)14	body3 := page.MustElement("#body").MustHTML()15	println(body3)16	title4 := page.MustElement("h1").MustText()17	println(title4)18	body4 := page.MustElement("p").MustHTML()19	println(body4)20	title5 := page.MustElement("h1.title").MustText()21	println(title5)22	body5 := page.MustElement("p.body").MustHTML()23	println(body5)24	title6 := page.MustElement("h1#title").MustText()25	println(title6)26	body6 := page.MustElement("p#body").MustHTML()27	println(body6)28	title7 := page.MustElement("h1.title#title").MustText()29	println(title7)30	body7 := page.MustElement("p.body#body").MustHTML()31	println(body

Example

Using AI Code Generation

1import (2func main() {3	browser := rod.New().Connect()4	element := page.Element("input[name=\"q\"]")5	fmt.Println(element.Text())6}

Example

Using AI Code Generation

1import (2func main() {3    l := launcher.New().Headless(false)4    defer l.Cleanup()5    url := l.MustLaunch()6    page.MustElement("input[name='q']").MustInput("rod")7    page.MustElement("input[name='btnK']").MustClick()8    fmt.Println(page.MustElement("h3").MustText())9}10--- PASS: Example (2.97s)

Example

Using AI Code Generation

1import "github.com/go-rod/rod"2func main() {3    page := rod.New().MustConnect().MustPage(url)4    page.MustElement("input").MustInput("rod")5    page.MustElement("input").MustInput("rod").MustPress("Enter")6    page.MustScreenshot("rod.png")7}8import (9func Example() {10    fmt.Println("Example test")11}12func TestExample(t *testing.T) {13    Example()14}

Example

Using AI Code Generation

1import (2func main() {3	browser := rod.New().Connect()4	fmt.Println("Page Title", page.Title())5	fmt.Println("Page URL", page.URL())6}

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